Toplam 802 içerik listeleniyor
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Structure of a hantavirus protein as a promising model for drug design
Bank voles are small rodents that are not dangerous by themselves, but their excreta can contain one of the dangerous hantaviruses. While bank voles are unaffected by the infection, hantaviruses can cause potentially fatal diseases in humans for which no treatments exist. In central and northern Europe, infection is accompanied by fever, headache, or even renal failure. The strain that occurs in East Asia -- the Hantaan virus -- is even more dangerous: up to five percent of infected patients...
https://www.biyologlar.com/structure-of-a-hantavirus-protein-as-a-promising-model-for-drug-design -
Unlocking the secrets of gene expression
Your DNA governs more than just what color your eyes are and whether you can curl your tongue.
https://www.biyologlar.com/unlocking-the-secrets-of-gene-expression -
Water bears do not have extensive foreign DNA, new study finds
Tardigrades, also known as moss piglets or water bears, are eight-legged microscopic animals that have long fascinated scientists for their ability to survive extremes of temperature, pressure, lack of oxygen, and even radiation exposure.
https://www.biyologlar.com/water-bears-do-not-have-extensive-foreign-dna-new-study-finds -
Are fish the greatest athletes on the planet?
When you think of the world's greatest athletes, names like Usain Bolt generally spring to mind, but scientists have discovered the best athletes could well be found in the water, covered in scales. Scientists have discovered that fish are far more effective at delivering oxygen throughout their body than almost any other animal, giving them the athletic edge over other species. "Fish exploit a mechanism that is up to 50-times more effective in releasing oxygen to their tissues than that...
https://www.biyologlar.com/are-fish-the-greatest-athletes-on-the-planet -
Sonic hedgehog gene provides evidence that our limbs may have evolved from sharks' gills
Latest analysis shows that human limbs share a genetic programme with the gills of cartilaginous fishes such as sharks and skates, providing evidence to support a century-old theory on the origin of limbs that had been widely discounted.
https://www.biyologlar.com/sonic-hedgehog-gene-provides-evidence-that-our-limbs-may-have-evolved-from-sharks-gills -
Hıv Virüsünün Yapısı (AIDS)
1983 yilinda Galla ve Monagnier AIDS etkeni HIV(Human immunodeficiency virüs)'yi tanimladilar. 1986 yilinda Bati Afrika'da HIV2 adinda bu virüsün yeni bir tipi bulundu. AIDS'in kelime anlami: Edinilmis bagisiklik yetmezligi sendromudur. AIDS'e neden olan HIV retrovirideae grubunun Lentivirineae ailesinde yer alir. HIV disindaki lentiviruslar diger canlilari enfekte ederler. FIV(feline immunodeficiency virüs)kedileri, SIV(simian immunodeficiency virüs) insan olmayan primatlari enfekte eder....
https://www.biyologlar.com/hiv-virusunun-yapisi-aids -
PGT Metodları
Polar Body Biyopsisi: Maternal olarak kalıtılan genetik bozukluklar için birinci polar bodynin (BPB) prekonsepsiyonel genetik analiz için kullanılması Verlinsky ve arkadaşları tarafından yoğun olarak çalışılmıştır. BPB, birinci mayotik bölünme sırasında oluşur ve başarılı fertilizasyon veya normal embriyonel belişme için gerekli değildir. IVF’da yapıldığı gibi preovulatuar oositler aspire edilir. Sekonder oositin genetik durumu BPB’nin genotipi...
https://www.biyologlar.com/pgt-metodlari -
Taenia solium video anlatım
Taenia solium, also called the pork tapeworm. It infects pigs and humans in Asia, Africa, South America and pockets of Nortth America. In the larval stage, it causes cysticercosois which is a major cause of seizures in humans. The infection is caused by ingestion of eggs shed in the feces of a human tapeworm carrier. Pigs and humans become infected by ingesting eggs or gravid proglottids. Humans are infected either by ingestion of food contaminated with feces containing eggs, or by...
https://www.biyologlar.com/taenia-solium-video-anlatim -
Doğa Tarihi Çalışmaları Kronolojisi
MÖ 2500-600: Babiller matematik çalışmalarına başlamışlardı. Bir çemberi 360 dereceye bölmüşler, 60 dakika ve 60 saniyeyi belirlemişlerdir. Tarımsal faaliyetlerini düzenlemek için sel baskınlarını hesaplamaya yönelik bir takvim oluşturmuş ve bir yılı 4.5 dakikalık yanılma payı ile hesaplamışlardı. MÖ 2000 e gelindiğinde arkeolojik kayıtlardan ele geçen papirüslerde Mısırlıların tedavi yöntemleri geliştirdiklerini görüyoruz....
https://www.biyologlar.com/doga-tarihi-calismalari-kronolojisi -
Searching for an ancient syphilis DNA in newborns
The ancient bones of newborns are very useful to recover the ancient DNA of the bacteria causing syphilis, the Treponema pallidum pallidum. This is the conclusion reached by a study led by Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), which was able to obtain the genetic material from the bacteria in more than one individual, in what is considered to be the oldest case known to date. Several previous intents had only achieved to yield this material in one occasion and from only one...
https://www.biyologlar.com/searching-for-an-ancient-syphilis-dna-in-newborns -
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a Gram-positive spherical bacterium which on microscopic examination appears in pairs, short chains, or as bunched, grape-like clusters. Some strains are capable of producing a highly heat-stable protein toxin that causes illness in humans.
https://www.biyologlar.com/staphylococcus-aureus-1 -
3-D motion of cold virus offers hope for improved drugs using Australia's fastest supercomputer
Melbourne researchers are now simulating in 3D, the motion of the complete human rhinovirus, the most frequent cause of the common cold, on Australia's fastest supercomputer, paving the way for new drug development. Rhinovirus infection is linked to about 70 per cent of all asthma exacerbations with more than 50 per cent of these patients requiring hospitalisation. Furthermore, over 35 per cent of patients with acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are hospitalised each year due...
https://www.biyologlar.com/3-d-motion-of-cold-virus-offers-hope-for-improved-drugs-using-australias-fastest-supercomputer -
'Fourth strand' of European ancestry originated with hunter-gatherers isolated by Ice Age
The first sequencing of ancient genomes extracted from human remains that date back to the Late Upper Palaeolithic period over 13,000 years ago has revealed a previously unknown "fourth strand" of ancient European ancestry. This new lineage stems from populations of hunter-gatherers that split from western hunter-gatherers shortly after the 'out of Africa' expansion some 45,000 years ago and went on to settle in the Caucasus region, where southern Russia meets Georgia today. Here these...
https://www.biyologlar.com/fourth-strand-of-european-ancestry-originated-with-hunter-gatherers-isolated-by-ice-age -
Cells check DNA segregation at the end of their division
The cells in our bodies are constantly dividing. From embryonic development to adult life, cell division is necessary for tissue growth and renewal.
https://www.biyologlar.com/cells-check-dna-segregation-at-the-end-of-their-division -
Akıllı Tasarım: Bilim mi Din mi?
Akıllı Tasarım (AT) hareketinin neyi savunduğunu, hangi iddialarda bulunduğuna geçmeden önce bu hareketin kökenleri, nasıl ve ne zaman ortaya çıktığıyla ilgili biraz bilgi vermek istiyorum. Akıllı Tasarım hareketi, merkezi ABD’de Washington eyaletinin Seattle şehrinde bulunan DI (Discovery Institute yani Keşif Enstitüsü)’nin CSC (Center for Science and Culture yani Bilim ve Kültür Merkezi) bölümünü tarafından ortaya koyulmuştur. DI, 1990 yılında...
https://www.biyologlar.com/akilli-tasarim-bilim-mi-din-mi -
Virus throws a wrench in the immune system
The cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a member of the herpesvirus family. Although most people carry CMV for life, it hardly ever makes them sick. Researchers from the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and from the USA have now unveiled long term consequences of the on-going presence of CMV: Later in life, more and more cells of the immune system concentrate on CMV, and as a result, the response against other viruses is weakened. These research results help to explain why the elderly are often...
https://www.biyologlar.com/virus-throws-a-wrench-in-the-immune-system -
A 'supergene' underlies genetic differences sexual behaviour in male ruff
The ruff is a Eurasian shorebird that has a spectacular lekking behaviour where highly ornamented males compete for females. Now two groups report that males with alternative reproductive strategies carry a chromosomal rearrangement that has been maintained as a balanced genetic polymorphism for about 4 million years. The two studies, one led by scientists at Uppsala university, are published today in Nature Genetics. Three different types of ruff males occur at the leks of this species....
https://www.biyologlar.com/a-supergene-underlies-genetic-differences-sexual-behaviour-in-male-ruff -
New insights into a virus proteome
The genome encodes the complete information needed by an organism, including that required for protein production. Viruses, which are up to a thousand times smaller than human cells, have considerably smaller genomes. Using a type of herpesvirus as a model system, the scientists of the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry in Martinsried near Munich and their collaboration partners at the University of California in San Francisco have shown that the genome of this virus contains much more...
https://www.biyologlar.com/new-insights-into-a-virus-proteome -
Marine animals use new form of secret light communication
Researchers from the Queensland Brain Institute at The University of Queensland have uncovered a new form of secret light communication used by marine animals. The findings may have applications in satellite remote sensing, biomedical imaging, cancer detection, and computer data storage. Dr Yakir Gagnon, Professor Justin Marshall and colleagues previously showed that mantis shrimp (Gonodactylaceus falcatus) can reflect and detect circular polarising light, an ability extremely rare in nature....
https://www.biyologlar.com/marine-animals-use-new-form-of-secret-light-communication -
May repairs full of mistakes develop into cancer?
These are DNA double-strand breaks, introduced by ionizing radiation or other mechanisms, are repaired rapidly and precisely in normal cells (right pathway). In contrast, compromised Tel1 activation with inefficient end...
https://www.biyologlar.com/may-repairs-full-of-mistakes-develop-into-cancer -
May repairs full of mistakes develop into cancer?
These are DNA double-strand breaks, introduced by ionizing radiation or other mechanisms, are repaired rapidly and precisely in normal cells (right pathway). In contrast, compromised Tel1 activation with inefficient end...
https://www.biyologlar.com/may-repairs-full-of-mistakes-develop-into-cancer -
Bacterial DNA may integrate into human genome more readily in tumor tissue
Bacterial DNA may integrate into the human genome more readily in tumors than in normal human tissue, scientists have found. The researchers, affiliated with the University of Maryland School of Medicine's Institute for Genome Sciences, analyzed genomic sequencing data available from the Human Genome Project, the 1,000 Genomes Project and The Cancer Genome Atlas. They considered the phenomenon of lateral gene transfer (LGT), the transmission of genetic material between organisms in a manner...
https://www.biyologlar.com/bacterial-dna-may-integrate-into-human-genome-more-readily-in-tumor-tissue -
Scientists capture the elusive structure of essential digestive enzyme
Stylized graphic of SEC-SAXS data (with cyan cross-section showing the elution profile and magenta cross-section showing scattering profile) and the structure of the activated phenylalanine hydroxylase
https://www.biyologlar.com/scientists-capture-the-elusive-structure-of-essential-digestive-enzyme -
Scientists capture the elusive structure of essential digestive enzyme
Stylized graphic of SEC-SAXS data (with cyan cross-section showing the elution profile and magenta cross-section showing scattering profile) and the structure of the activated phenylalanine hydroxylase
https://www.biyologlar.com/scientists-capture-the-elusive-structure-of-essential-digestive-enzyme -
From friend to foe: How benign bacteria evolve to virulent pathogens
Bacteria can evolve rapidly to adapt to environmental change. Bacteria can evolve rapidly to adapt to environmental change. When the "environment" is the immune response of an infected host, this evolution can turn harmless bacteria into life-threatening pathogens. A study published on December 12 in PLOS Pathogens provides insight into how this happens. Isabel Gordo and colleagues from the Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia in Oeira, Portugal, have for the first time devised an experimental...
https://www.biyologlar.com/from-friend-to-foe-how-benign-bacteria-evolve-to-virulent-pathogens -
Genetic code of red blood cells discovered
Eight days. That's how long it takes for skin cells to reprogram into red blood cells. Researchers at Lund University in Sweden, together with colleagues at Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, have successfully identified the four genetic keys that unlock the genetic code of skin cells and reprogram them to start producing red blood cells instead. "We have performed this experiment on mice, and the preliminary results indicate that it is also possible to reprogram skin cells from...
https://www.biyologlar.com/genetic-code-of-red-blood-cells-discovered -
Genetic code of red blood cells discovered
Eight days. That's how long it takes for skin cells to reprogram into red blood cells. Researchers at Lund University in Sweden, together with colleagues at Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, have successfully identified the four genetic keys that unlock the genetic code of skin cells and reprogram them to start producing red blood cells instead. "We have performed this experiment on mice, and the preliminary results indicate that it is also possible to reprogram skin cells from...
https://www.biyologlar.com/genetic-code-of-red-blood-cells-discovered -
Two new weapons in the battle against bacteria
Proteins are made up of a chain of amino acids and are vital for all cell processes. Proteases are among the most important types of protein. Like "molecular scissors", they cut other proteins at given positions and thereby execute important cell functions. By cutting the amino acid chains to the right length or breaking proteins apart they, for example, activate or deactivate proteins, decompose defective ones or switch signal sequences that serve to transport proteins to their proper position...
https://www.biyologlar.com/two-new-weapons-in-the-battle-against-bacteria -
A key protein is discovered as essential for malaria parasite transmission to mosquitos
Two teams have independently discovered that a single regulatory protein acts as the master genetic switch that triggers the development of male and female sexual forms (termed gametocytes) of the malaria parasite, solving a long-standing mystery in parasite biology with important implications for human health. The protein, AP2-G, is necessary for activating a set of genes that initiate the development of gametocytes -- the only forms that are infectious to mosquitos. The research also gives...
https://www.biyologlar.com/a-key-protein-is-discovered-as-essential-for-malaria-parasite-transmission-to-mosquitos -
Sociable chimps harbor richer gut microbiomes
Spending time in close contact with others often means risking catching germs and getting sick. But being sociable may also help transmit beneficial microbes, finds a multi-institutional study of gut microbiomes in chimpanzees.
https://www.biyologlar.com/sociable-chimps-harbor-richer-gut-microbiomes -
Watching 'jumping genes' in action
"Jumping genes" are ubiquitous. Every domain of life hosts these sequences of DNA that can "jump" from one position to another along a chromosome; in fact, nearly half the human genome is made up of jumping genes.
https://www.biyologlar.com/watching-jumping-genes-in-action -
Watching 'jumping genes' in action
"Jumping genes" are ubiquitous. Every domain of life hosts these sequences of DNA that can "jump" from one position to another along a chromosome; in fact, nearly half the human genome is made up of jumping genes.
https://www.biyologlar.com/watching-jumping-genes-in-action -
Genetic 'paint box' shuffled between butterfly species to create new wing patterns
New research on butterfly genomes has revealed that the genetic components that produce different splotches of colour on wings can be mixed up between species by interbreeding to create new patterns, like a "genetic paint-box". Research on Amazonian Heliconius butterflies has shown that two of the most common colour patterns, found in combination on the wings of many Heliconius species - the dennis red patch on the base of the forewing, and the ray red streaks that fan out across the hindwing...
https://www.biyologlar.com/genetic-paint-box-shuffled-between-butterfly-species-to-create-new-wing-patterns -
X-rays reveal the photonic crystals in butterfly wings that create color
When you look very close up at a butterfly wing, you can see this patchwork map of lattices with slightly different orientations (colors added to illustrate the domains).
https://www.biyologlar.com/x-rays-reveal-the-photonic-crystals-in-butterfly-wings-that-create-color -
X-rays reveal the photonic crystals in butterfly wings that create color
When you look very close up at a butterfly wing, you can see this patchwork map of lattices with slightly different orientations (colors added to illustrate the domains).
https://www.biyologlar.com/x-rays-reveal-the-photonic-crystals-in-butterfly-wings-that-create-color -
How mold on space station flowers is helping get us to Mars
When Scott Kelly tweeted a picture of moldy leaves on the current crop of zinnia flowers aboard the International Space Station, it could have looked like the science was doomed.
https://www.biyologlar.com/how-mold-on-space-station-flowers-is-helping-get-us-to-mars -
Fifty-four mouse testis-enriched genes are not needed for male fertility
Infertility affects about 15 percent of couples around the world. A couple's fertility depends on both the female's and male's ability to reproduce, which relies on thousands of genes working properly.
https://www.biyologlar.com/fifty-four-mouse-testis-enriched-genes-are-not-needed-for-male-fertility -
Fifty-four mouse testis-enriched genes are not needed for male fertility
Infertility affects about 15 percent of couples around the world. A couple's fertility depends on both the female's and male's ability to reproduce, which relies on thousands of genes working properly.
https://www.biyologlar.com/fifty-four-mouse-testis-enriched-genes-are-not-needed-for-male-fertility -
Biologists find genetic mechanism for 'extremophile' fish survival
A Washington State University biologist has found the genetic mechanisms that lets a fish live in toxic, acidic water. The discovery opens the door to new insights into the functioning of other "extremophiles" and how they adapt to their challenging environments. "These fish are very extreme," said Joanna Kelley, a genome scientist in the School of Biological Sciences at Washington State University. "Ordinary fish, when you put them in that water, are belly up in about a minute." Kelley and...
https://www.biyologlar.com/biologists-find-genetic-mechanism-for-extremophile-fish-survival -
Open chromatin profiling key to identifying leukemia cells of origin
Every cancer starts with a single cell, and Jackson Laboratory (JAX) researchers have found a precise and reliable way -- whole-genome profiling of open chromatin -- to identify the kind of cell that leads to a given case of leukemia, a valuable key to cancer prognosis and outcome. "Knowing the cell of origin of cancer cells can provide insight into tumor subtypes and possibly diagnostic and therapeutic benefit," says JAX Assistant Professor Jennifer Trowbridge, Ph.D., the lead author of the...
https://www.biyologlar.com/open-chromatin-profiling-key-to-identifying-leukemia-cells-of-origin -
Phages transducing antibiotic resistance detected in chicken meat
Bacteria resistant to antibiotics are on the rise. There are different explanations for how resistances are transferred. Researchers from the Vetmeduni Vienna found phages in chicken meat that are able to transfer antimicrobial resistance to bacteria. Phages are viruses that exclusively infect bacteria. They can contribute to the spread of antimicrobial resistance. The findings may also be relevant for clinical settings. The study was published in the journal Applied and Environmental...
https://www.biyologlar.com/phages-transducing-antibiotic-resistance-detected-in-chicken-meat -
Viruses revealed to be a major driver of human evolution
Aminopeptidase N is a protein that acts as a receptor for coronaviruses, the family of viruses behind recent epidemics of SARS and MERS, among others.
https://www.biyologlar.com/viruses-revealed-to-be-a-major-driver-of-human-evolution -
Viruses revealed to be a major driver of human evolution
Aminopeptidase N is a protein that acts as a receptor for coronaviruses, the family of viruses behind recent epidemics of SARS and MERS, among others.
https://www.biyologlar.com/viruses-revealed-to-be-a-major-driver-of-human-evolution -
Researchers discover two new groups of viruses
Researchers at the University of Bonn and the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) have discovered two new groups of viruses within the Bunyavirus family in the tropical forest of Ivory Coast. Previously only five groups responsible for serious illnesses in humans and animals were known. Most are spread through blood-feeding insects. Based on the discovered viruses researchers conclude that the ancester to all bunyaviruses must have existed in arthropods such as insects. The results are...
https://www.biyologlar.com/researchers-discover-two-new-groups-of-viruses -
UMD researchers discover a way that animals keep their cells identical
Roundworms (Caenorhabditis elegans) with a disabled eri-1 gene can lose their ability to control repetitive DNA. In the absence of eri-1, even two age-matched siblings can look dramatically different. Cancers arise in skin, muscle, liver or other types of tissue when one cell becomes different from its neighbors. Although biologists have learned a lot about how tissues form during development, very little is known about how two cells of the same tissue stay identical for an animal's entire...
https://www.biyologlar.com/umd-researchers-discover-a-way-that-animals-keep-their-cells-identical -
UMD researchers discover a way that animals keep their cells identical
Roundworms (Caenorhabditis elegans) with a disabled eri-1 gene can lose their ability to control repetitive DNA. In the absence of eri-1, even two age-matched siblings can look dramatically different. Cancers arise in skin, muscle, liver or other types of tissue when one cell becomes different from its neighbors. Although biologists have learned a lot about how tissues form during development, very little is known about how two cells of the same tissue stay identical for an animal's entire...
https://www.biyologlar.com/umd-researchers-discover-a-way-that-animals-keep-their-cells-identical -
Tracking the viral parasites cruising our waterways
Humans aren't the only ones who like to cruise along the waterways, so do viruses. For the first time, a map of fecal viruses traveling our global waterways has been created using modeling methods to aid in assessing water quality worldwide. "Many countries are at risk of serious public health hazards due to lack of basic sanitation," said Joan Rose, Homer Nowlin Chair in water research at Michigan State University. "With this map, however, we can assess where viruses are being discharged from...
https://www.biyologlar.com/tracking-the-viral-parasites-cruising-our-waterways -
NIH-funded study establishes genomic data set on Lassa virus
An international team of researchers has developed the largest genomic data set in the world on Lassa virus (LASV). The new genomic catalog contains nearly 200 viral genomes collected from patient samples in Sierra Leone and Nigeria, as well as field samples from the major animal reservoir, or host, of Lassa virus--the rodent Mastomys natalensis, also called the multimammate rat. The researchers show that LASV strains cluster into four major groups based on geographic location, with three in...
https://www.biyologlar.com/nih-funded-study-establishes-genomic-data-set-on-lassa-virus -
Bearded dragons show REM and slow wave sleep
Behavioural sleep is ubiquitous among animals, from insects to man. In humans, sleep is also characterized by brain activity:
https://www.biyologlar.com/bearded-dragons-show-rem-and-slow-wave-sleep -
Bearded dragons show REM and slow wave sleep
Behavioural sleep is ubiquitous among animals, from insects to man. In humans, sleep is also characterized by brain activity:
https://www.biyologlar.com/bearded-dragons-show-rem-and-slow-wave-sleep