Toplam 141 içerik listeleniyor
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Cells are crawling all over our bodies, but how?
For better and for worse, human health depends on a cell's motility –– the ability to crawl from place to place. In every human body, millions of cells –are crawling around doing mostly good deeds ––– though if any of those crawlers are cancerous, watch out.
https://www.biyologlar.com/cells-are-crawling-all-over-our-bodies-but-how -
Primate evolution in the fast lane
The pace of evolution is typically measured in millions of years, as random, individual mutations accumulate over generations, but researchers at Cornell and Bar-Ilan Universities have uncovered a new mechanism for mutation in primates that is rapid, coordinated, and aggressive. The discovery raises questions about the accuracy of using the more typical mutation process as an estimate to date when two species diverged, as well as the extent to which this and related enzymes played a role in...
https://www.biyologlar.com/primate-evolution-in-the-fast-lane-haber-8133 -
Ekrana bakma süresi uyku düzenini bozabilir?
Soldan sağa: Salk Enstitüsünden Ludovic Mure ve Satchin Panda belli retinal hücrelerin yapay aydınlatmaya nasıl yanıt verdiğini ortaya çıkardı. Credit: Salk Institute
https://www.biyologlar.com/ekrana-bakma-suresi-uyku-duzenini-bozabilir -
Ekrana bakma süresi uyku düzenini bozabilir?
Soldan sağa: Salk Enstitüsünden Ludovic Mure ve Satchin Panda belli retinal hücrelerin yapay aydınlatmaya nasıl yanıt verdiğini ortaya çıkardı. Credit: Salk Institute
https://www.biyologlar.com/ekrana-bakma-suresi-uyku-duzenini-bozabilir -
Ekrana bakma süresi uyku düzenini bozabilir?
Soldan sağa: Salk Enstitüsünden Ludovic Mure ve Satchin Panda belli retinal hücrelerin yapay aydınlatmaya nasıl yanıt verdiğini ortaya çıkardı. Credit: Salk Institute
https://www.biyologlar.com/ekrana-bakma-suresi-uyku-duzenini-bozabilir -
Yeni Nesil Dizileme Nedir?
Yeni nesil dizileme (NGS), büyük ölçüde paralel veya derin dizileme, genomik araştırmada devrim yaratan bir DNA dizileme teknolojisini tanımlayan ilişkili terimlerdir. NGS kullanılarak tüm insan genomu tek bir gün içinde dizilenebilir.
https://www.biyologlar.com/yeni-nesil-dizileme-nedir -
Yeni Nesil Dizileme Nedir?
Yeni nesil dizileme (NGS), büyük ölçüde paralel veya derin dizileme, genomik araştırmada devrim yaratan bir DNA dizileme teknolojisini tanımlayan ilişkili terimlerdir. NGS kullanılarak tüm insan genomu tek bir gün içinde dizilenebilir.
https://www.biyologlar.com/yeni-nesil-dizileme-nedir -
Cell stress inflames the gut
Over 3.5 million people in Europe and the US suffer from Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis – the two most common forms of IBD. Chronic bowel inflammation is caused by an overreaction of the immune system to the bacteria which naturally occur in the gut. "This overreaction can come about if, for example, the anti-stress mechanism in the cells of the intestinal mucosa does not function correctly," explains Prof. Dirk Haller of the TUM Chair of Nutrition and Immunology. What Prof. Haller is...
https://www.biyologlar.com/cell-stress-inflames-the-gut -
Highly efficient CRISPR knock-in in mouse
Genome editing using CRISPR/Cas system has enabled direct modification of the mouse genome in fertilized mouse eggs, leading to rapid, convenient, and efficient one-step production of knockout mice without embryonic stem cells. In contrast to the ease of targeted gene deletion, the complementary application, called targeted gene cassette insertion or knock-in, in fertilized mouse eggs by CRISPR/Cas mediated genome editing still remains a tough challenge. Professor Kohichi Tanaka and Dr. Tomomi...
https://www.biyologlar.com/highly-efficient-crispr-knock-in-in-mouse -
Stem cells + nanofibers = Promising nerve research
Every week in his clinic at the University of Michigan, neurologist Joseph Corey, M.D., Ph.D., treats patients whose nerves are dying or shrinking due to disease or injury.
https://www.biyologlar.com/stem-cells-nanofibers-promising-nerve-research -
KÖK HÜCRELERE BAKIŞ:TANIMLAR, KAVRAMLAR ve SINIFLANDIRMALAR
İki binli yıllarla beraber kök hücrelerin rejeneratif tıp (yenileyici tıp) alanındaki öneminin giderek arttığını ve tıbbın geleceğini şekillendirme potansiyelini gözlemlemekteyiz.
https://www.biyologlar.com/kok-hucrelere-bakistanimlar-kavramlar-ve-siniflandirmalar -
Üçüncü nesil DNA dizileme
Üçüncü nesil DNA dizileme teknolojileriyle bir genomu dizilemek artık daha hızlı, daha ucuz ve kolay bir süreç haline geldi. Image credit: Shutterstock
https://www.biyologlar.com/ucuncu-nesil-dna-dizileme -
Üçüncü nesil DNA dizileme
Üçüncü nesil DNA dizileme teknolojileriyle bir genomu dizilemek artık daha hızlı, daha ucuz ve kolay bir süreç haline geldi. Image credit: Shutterstock
https://www.biyologlar.com/ucuncu-nesil-dna-dizileme -
20. Kromozom
İnsanlar normalde her hücrede 23 çifte bölünmüş 46 kromozoma sahiptir. Her ebeveynden miras alınan bir kopya olmak üzere, 20. kromozomun iki kopyası, çiftlerden birini oluşturur ve yaklaşık 63 milyon DNA yapıtaşını (baz çifti) kapsayarak hücrelerdeki toplam DNA’nın yaklaşık %2’sini temsil eder. 20. Kromozom, toplamda 22 çift olan otozomal insan kromozomlarından yirmincisidir. İnsanlarda normalde bir çift halinde bulunur. 63 milyon baz çiftine ve toplam hücre...
https://www.biyologlar.com/20-kromozom -
Wisconsin scientists find genetic recipe to turn stem cells to blood
The ability to reliably and safely make in the laboratory all of the different types of cells in human blood is one key step closer to reality.
https://www.biyologlar.com/wisconsin-scientists-find-genetic-recipe-to-turn-stem-cells-to-blood -
Epigenetic signatures that differentiate triple-negative breast cancers
The new study, published in Nature Communications, compares the breast cancer DNA 'methylome' with that of healthy individuals. The methylome provides a new picture of the genome and shows how it is epigenetically 'decorated' with methyl groups, a process known as DNA 'methylation'.
https://www.biyologlar.com/epigenetic-signatures-that-differentiate-triple-negative-breast-cancers -
Stem cells might heal damaged lungs
Collectively, such diseases of the airways as emphysema, bronchitis, asthma and cystic fibrosis are the second leading cause of death worldwide.
https://www.biyologlar.com/stem-cells-might-heal-damaged-lungs -
Functional human liver cells grown in the lab
In new research appearing in the prestigious journal Nature Biotechnology, an international research team led by The Hebrew University of Jerusalem describes a new technique for growing human hepatocytes in the laboratory. This groundbreaking development could help advance a variety of liver-related research and applications, from studying drug toxicity to creating bio-artificial liver support for patients awaiting transplantations. The liver is the largest internal organ in the human body,...
https://www.biyologlar.com/functional-human-liver-cells-grown-in-the-lab -
Restoring vision with stem cells
Age-related macular degeneration (AMRD) could be treated by transplanting photoreceptors produced by the directed differentiation of stem cells, thanks to findings published today by Professor Gilbert Bernier of the University of Montreal and its affiliated Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital. ARMD is a common eye problem caused by the loss of cones. Bernier's team has developed a highly effective in vitro technique for producing light sensitive retina cells from human embryonic stem cells. "Our...
https://www.biyologlar.com/restoring-vision-with-stem-cells -
Shiny fish skin inspires nanoscale light reflectors
A nature-inspired method to model the reflection of light from the skin of silvery fish and other organisms may be possible, according to Penn State researchers. Such a technique may be applicable to developing better broadband reflectors and custom multi-spectral filters for a wide variety of applications, including advanced optical coatings for glass, laser protection, infrared imaging systems, optical communication systems and photovoltaics, according to Douglas Werner, John L. and...
https://www.biyologlar.com/shiny-fish-skin-inspires-nanoscale-light-reflectors -
Discovery of an embryonic switch for cancer stem cell generation
An international team of scientists, headed by researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine and UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, report that decreases in a specific group of proteins trigger changes in the cancer microenvironment that accelerate growth and development of therapy-resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs). The discovery suggests the basis for a potential new therapeutic approach to eradicate blood cancers, which affect more than 1.1 million Americans. In fact, researchers found...
https://www.biyologlar.com/discovery-of-an-embryonic-switch-for-cancer-stem-cell-generation -
Combining adult stem cells with hormone may speed bone fracture healing
A combination of adult stem cells and parathyroid hormone significantly increased new bone formation in laboratory animals and may speed the healing process for human bone fractures caused by osteoporosis, a new study shows. The study is published online by Molecular Therapy, a peer-reviewed journal in the Nature Publishing Group. Researchers used a combination of mesenchymal stem cells, which are derived from bone marrow taken from adults, and parathyroid hormone, also called PTH, which...
https://www.biyologlar.com/combining-adult-stem-cells-with-hormone-may-speed-bone-fracture-healing -
Nerve cells use each other as maps
When nerve cells form in an embryo they do not start off in the right place but have to be guided to their final position by navigating a kind of molecular and cellular "map" in order to function properly. In a recent research study published in Nature Communications neurobiologist Sara Wilson, Umeå University, found that during embryonic development different parts of the nerve cell are important for guiding other nerve cells into their physical positions. "We found nerve cells do this in...
https://www.biyologlar.com/nerve-cells-use-each-other-as-maps -
2. Kromozom
2. kromozom toplamda 22 çift olan otozomal insan kromozomlarından ondördüncüsüdür. İnsanlarda normalde bir çift halinde bulunur. 242 milyon baz çiftine ve toplam hücre DNA'sının %8 ine sahiptir 2. kromozom muhtemelen 1200 ile 1300 gen içermektedir. Her bir kromozomdaki genlerin belirlenmesi, aktif bir genetik araştırma alanıdır. Araştırmacılar, her kromozomdaki gen sayısını tahmin etmek için farklı yaklaşımlar kullandıklarından, tahmini gen sayısı...
https://www.biyologlar.com/2-kromozom -
Penn bioengineers show why lab-made stem cells might fail: Errors in DNA folding
Induced pluripotent stem cells hold promise for regenerative medicine because they can, in theory, turn into any type of tissue and because they are made from a patient's own adult cells, guaranteeing compatibility. However, the technique that turns adult cells into these iPS cells is not foolproof; after reverting to their pluripotent state, these cells don't always correctly differentiate back into adult cells. Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania have now discovered one of the...
https://www.biyologlar.com/penn-bioengineers-show-why-lab-made-stem-cells-might-fail-errors-in-dna-folding -
Scientists discover oldest plant root stem cells
Scientists at Oxford University have discovered the oldest known population of plant root stem cells in a 320 million-year-old fossil.
https://www.biyologlar.com/scientists-discover-oldest-plant-root-stem-cells -
Mantis shrimp inspires next generation of ultra-strong materials
This is the herringbone structure of the outer layer (impact region) of the mantis shrimp dactyl club.
https://www.biyologlar.com/mantis-shrimp-inspires-next-generation-of-ultra-strong-materials -
Mantis shrimp inspires next generation of ultra-strong materials
This is the herringbone structure of the outer layer (impact region) of the mantis shrimp dactyl club.
https://www.biyologlar.com/mantis-shrimp-inspires-next-generation-of-ultra-strong-materials -
New procedure allows long-term culturing of adult stem cells
A new procedure developed at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) may revolutionize the culturing of adult stem cells. In their report that has been published online prior to its appearance in the August 6 issue of Cell Stem Cell, the team describes generating and expanding airway stem cells from the sorts of tissue samples collected during routine treatment of lung disorders. The overall approach appears applicable to several other tissue types, including skin and the linings of the...
https://www.biyologlar.com/new-procedure-allows-long-term-culturing-of-adult-stem-cells -
Four newly identified genes could improve rice
The GWAS results for genes that influence flowering dates. The known genes Hd1, Hd2, and Hd6 were located, together with two newly-identified genes that also affect flowering dates.
https://www.biyologlar.com/four-newly-identified-genes-could-improve-rice -
Four newly identified genes could improve rice
The GWAS results for genes that influence flowering dates. The known genes Hd1, Hd2, and Hd6 were located, together with two newly-identified genes that also affect flowering dates.
https://www.biyologlar.com/four-newly-identified-genes-could-improve-rice -
Gene controls regeneration of injured muscle by adult stem cells
A key gene enables the repair of injured muscle throughout life. This is the finding of a study in mice led by researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center and the University of Colorado at Boulder, and published online July 21 in Cell Reports.
https://www.biyologlar.com/gene-controls-regeneration-of-injured-muscle-by-adult-stem-cells -
Biyoteknolojinin Tarımda Kullanılması ( Avantajları ve dezavantajları )
Biyoteknoloji özel bir kullanıma yönelik olarak ürün veya işlemleri dönüştürmek veya meydana getirmek için biyolojik sistem ve canlı organizmaları veya türevlerini kullanan teknolojik uygulamalardır. Geleneksel veya modern olmak üzere 2' ye ayrılır. Geleneksel biyoteknoloji; şarap yada peynir yapımındaki maya kullanımı, bazı deterjanlarda enzim kullanımı ve bazı antibiyotiklerin üretimi gibi canlı organizmaların yapılarının değiştirilmeden kullanıldığı...
https://www.biyologlar.com/biyoteknolojinin-tarimda-kullanilmasi-avantajlari-ve-dezavantajlari- -
Many endangered species are back -- but face new struggles
A study of marine mammals and other protected species finds that several once endangered species, including the iconic humpback whale, the northern elephant seal and green sea turtles, have recovered and are repopulating their former ranges. The research, published in the June edition of Trends in Ecology and Evolution, suggests that some species, including humpback whales, have reached population levels that may warrant removal from endangered species lists. But returning species, which defy...
https://www.biyologlar.com/many-endangered-species-are-back-but-face-new-struggles -
Purest yet liver-like cells generated from induced pluripotent stem cells
This image shows induced pluripotent stem cells expressing a characteristic cell surface protein called SSEA4 (green).
https://www.biyologlar.com/purest-yet-liver-like-cells-generated-from-induced-pluripotent-stem-cells -
Purest yet liver-like cells generated from induced pluripotent stem cells
This image shows induced pluripotent stem cells expressing a characteristic cell surface protein called SSEA4 (green).
https://www.biyologlar.com/purest-yet-liver-like-cells-generated-from-induced-pluripotent-stem-cells -
More tomatoes, faster: Accelerating tomato engineering
A researcher transfers tomato plantlets from a plate of regeneration medium.
https://www.biyologlar.com/more-tomatoes-faster-accelerating-tomato-engineering -
More tomatoes, faster: Accelerating tomato engineering
A researcher transfers tomato plantlets from a plate of regeneration medium.
https://www.biyologlar.com/more-tomatoes-faster-accelerating-tomato-engineering -
Cansız materyal inceleme için doku örneği alımı
Histolojik amaçlarla insanlardan materyal alınması her zaman mümkün değildir. Genellikle ameliyatlarla dışarı alınan bazı patolojik doku ve organların etrafında bulunan sağlıklı doku kısımları histolojik incelemeler için değerlendirilir. Deney hayvanlarından ise doku parçaları öldükten hemen sonra alınır, iyi preparasyonlar için hayvanlardan doku parçalarının anestezi altında alınması en uygun yoldur. İncelenecek parçanın alınması ya organizma canlı...
https://www.biyologlar.com/cansiz-materyal-inceleme-icin-doku-ornegi-alimi -
New DNA research reveals genetic heritage of elusive vaquita
A new method of teasing information from scarce and highly degraded genetic samples is helping NOAA Fisheries and Mexican scientists unravel the genetic heritage of the enigmatic vaquita, the most endangered marine mammal on Earth. Genetic studies are important to the international effort to conserve the vaquita because the DNA that holds their genetic code can unlock the secrets of how they came to be. For instance, it can reveal the story of how - and how long ago - the animals evolved into...
https://www.biyologlar.com/new-dna-research-reveals-genetic-heritage-of-elusive-vaquita -
New DNA research reveals genetic heritage of elusive vaquita
A new method of teasing information from scarce and highly degraded genetic samples is helping NOAA Fisheries and Mexican scientists unravel the genetic heritage of the enigmatic vaquita, the most endangered marine mammal on Earth. Genetic studies are important to the international effort to conserve the vaquita because the DNA that holds their genetic code can unlock the secrets of how they came to be. For instance, it can reveal the story of how - and how long ago - the animals evolved into...
https://www.biyologlar.com/new-dna-research-reveals-genetic-heritage-of-elusive-vaquita -
Böceklerin Gelişme Dönemi
Bir böcegin yumurta döneminden baslayip ergin hale gelmesine kadar geçen süredir (Yumurta, larva, varsa pupa). Degisik gruplarda bu süre de degisir. Magicicada sepdemdecim (Homop.) l7 yil, Ehpemeroptera takiminda gelisme dönemi l yil ergin dönem ise l-2 gündür. Diyapoz: Diyapoz duruklama demek olup, bu dönemde böcekler faaliyetlerine ara verirler. Şartlar uygun olmadigi zaman böcekler bir duraklama yani (Kuiskens) devresine girerler ve sartlar düzeldiginde bu durum derhal ortadan...
https://www.biyologlar.com/boceklerin-gelisme-donemi -
The great northern cod comeback
Once an icon of overfishing, mismanagement, and stock decline, the northern Atlantic cod is showing signs of recovery according to new research published today in the Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. This research, led by Dr. George Rose, tracks what is arguably the most important comeback of any fish stock worldwide. Studying the great northern Atlantic cod stock complex off Newfoundland and Labrador, once considered among the largest cod stocks in the world before its...
https://www.biyologlar.com/the-great-northern-cod-comeback -
Cells check DNA segregation at the end of their division
The cells in our bodies are constantly dividing. From embryonic development to adult life, cell division is necessary for tissue growth and renewal.
https://www.biyologlar.com/cells-check-dna-segregation-at-the-end-of-their-division -
HIV Animation
Here is a short section from a longer animation done in 2008. The HIV virus is able to withstand therapies due to the ability to adapt to changing environments; however, as each generation of viral variants are produced, they have reduced infectivity. The animation depicts the viral variant process, followed by a unique and important mechanism by which to eradicate the virus.
https://www.biyologlar.com/hiv-animation -
Hydra can modify its genetic program
Champion of regeneration, the freshwater polyp Hydra is capable of reforming a complete individual from any fragment of its body. It is even able to remain alive when all its neurons have disappeared. Researcher the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, have discovered how: cells of the epithelial type modify their genetic program by overexpressing a series of genes, among which some are involved in diverse nervous functions. Studying Hydra cellular plasticity may thus influence research...
https://www.biyologlar.com/hydra-can-modify-its-genetic-program -
Hydra can modify its genetic program
Champion of regeneration, the freshwater polyp Hydra is capable of reforming a complete individual from any fragment of its body. It is even able to remain alive when all its neurons have disappeared. Researcher the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, have discovered how: cells of the epithelial type modify their genetic program by overexpressing a series of genes, among which some are involved in diverse nervous functions. Studying Hydra cellular plasticity may thus influence research...
https://www.biyologlar.com/hydra-can-modify-its-genetic-program -
From friend to foe: How benign bacteria evolve to virulent pathogens
Bacteria can evolve rapidly to adapt to environmental change. Bacteria can evolve rapidly to adapt to environmental change. When the "environment" is the immune response of an infected host, this evolution can turn harmless bacteria into life-threatening pathogens. A study published on December 12 in PLOS Pathogens provides insight into how this happens. Isabel Gordo and colleagues from the Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia in Oeira, Portugal, have for the first time devised an experimental...
https://www.biyologlar.com/from-friend-to-foe-how-benign-bacteria-evolve-to-virulent-pathogens -
Antibiotic 'smart bomb' can target specific strains of bacteria
Researchers from North Carolina State University have developed a de facto antibiotic "smart bomb" that can identify specific strains of bacteria and sever their DNA, eliminating the infection. The technique offers a potential approach to treat infections by multi-drug resistant bacteria. "Conventional antibiotic treatments kill both 'good' and 'bad' bacteria, leading to unintended consequences, such as opportunistic infections," says Dr. Chase Beisel, an assistant professor of chemical and...
https://www.biyologlar.com/antibiotic-smart-bomb-can-target-specific-strains-of-bacteria -
A key protein is discovered as essential for malaria parasite transmission to mosquitos
Two teams have independently discovered that a single regulatory protein acts as the master genetic switch that triggers the development of male and female sexual forms (termed gametocytes) of the malaria parasite, solving a long-standing mystery in parasite biology with important implications for human health. The protein, AP2-G, is necessary for activating a set of genes that initiate the development of gametocytes -- the only forms that are infectious to mosquitos. The research also gives...
https://www.biyologlar.com/a-key-protein-is-discovered-as-essential-for-malaria-parasite-transmission-to-mosquitos