Toplam 177 içerik listeleniyor
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Tough times for the tree of life on coral reefs
In terms of evolutionary history, less than a quarter of wrasse species receive minimum protection levels. Marine scientists are calling for a re-think of how marine protected areas (MPAs) are planned and coordinated, following a global assessment of the conservation of tropical corals and fishes.
https://www.biyologlar.com/tough-times-for-the-tree-of-life-on-coral-reefs-haber-8731 -
One of the last strongholds for Western chimpanzees
When Liberia enters the news it is usually in the context of civil war, economic crisis, poverty or a disease outbreak such as the recent emergence of Ebola in West Africa. Liberia's status as a biodiversity hotspot and the fact that it is home to some of the last viable and threatened wildlife populations in West Africa has received little media attention in the past. This is partly because the many years of violent conflict in Liberia, from 1989 to 1997 and from 2002 to 2003, thwarted efforts...
https://www.biyologlar.com/one-of-the-last-strongholds-for-western-chimpanzees -
Functional human liver cells grown in the lab
In new research appearing in the prestigious journal Nature Biotechnology, an international research team led by The Hebrew University of Jerusalem describes a new technique for growing human hepatocytes in the laboratory. This groundbreaking development could help advance a variety of liver-related research and applications, from studying drug toxicity to creating bio-artificial liver support for patients awaiting transplantations. The liver is the largest internal organ in the human body,...
https://www.biyologlar.com/functional-human-liver-cells-grown-in-the-lab -
Broad, MIT scientists overcome key CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing hurdle
Researchers at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and the McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT have engineered changes to the revolutionary CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing system that significantly cut down on "off-target" editing errors. The refined technique addresses one of the major technical issues in the use of genome editing. The CRISPR-Cas9 system works by making a precisely targeted modification in a cell's DNA. The protein Cas9 alters the DNA at a location that is specified by...
https://www.biyologlar.com/broad-mit-scientists-overcome-key-crispr-cas9-genome-editing-hurdle -
Anadolu biyocoğrafyasını anlamak, biyolojik değişkenliği anlamaktan geçer!
"Her şeyin biricikliği" açısından özel bir coğrafya: Anadolu
https://www.biyologlar.com/anadolu-biyocografyasini-anlamak-biyolojik-degiskenligi-anlamaktan-gecer -
Odd histone helps suppress jumping genes in stem cells, study says
A family of proteins known as histones provides support and structure to DNA, but for years, scientists have been puzzling over occasional outliers among these histones, which appear to exist for specific, but often mysterious reasons. Now, researchers have uncovered a new purpose for one such histone variant: preventing genetic mutations by keeping certain so-called "jumping genes" in place. This research, which began at Rockefeller University and was published May 4 in Nature, reveals a...
https://www.biyologlar.com/odd-histone-helps-suppress-jumping-genes-in-stem-cells-study-says -
Tough times for the tree of life on coral reefs
Marine scientists are calling for a re-think of how marine protected areas (MPAs) are planned and coordinated, following a global assessment of the conservation of tropical corals and fishes. Researchers from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies (Coral CoE), at James Cook University in Townsville, analysed the extent to which the evolutionary histories of corals and fishes are protected, rather than looking at individual species. "Our interest was in...
https://www.biyologlar.com/tough-times-for-the-tree-of-life-on-coral-reefs -
Spider and centipede venom evolved from insulin-like hormone
Funnel-web spider venom contains powerful neurotoxins that instantly paralyze prey (usually insects). Millions of years ago, however, this potent poison was just a hormone that helped ancestors of these spiders regulate sugar metabolism, similar to the role of insulin in humans. Surprisingly, this hormone's weaponization--described on June 11 in the journal Structure--occurred in arachnids as well as centipedes, but in different ways. Researchers at the University of Queensland in Australia...
https://www.biyologlar.com/spider-and-centipede-venom-evolved-from-insulin-like-hormone -
Clues contained in ancient brain point to the origin of heads in early animals
A new study from the University of Cambridge has identified one of the oldest fossil brains ever discovered - more than 500 million years old - and used it to help determine how heads first evolved in early animals. The results, published today (7 May) in the journal Current Biology, identify a key point in the evolutionary transition from soft to hard bodies in early ancestors of arthropods, the group that contains modern insects, crustaceans and spiders. The study looked at two types of...
https://www.biyologlar.com/clues-contained-in-ancient-brain-point-to-the-origin-of-heads-in-early-animals -
Male hormones help lemur females rule
Lemur girls behave more like the guys, thanks to a little testosterone, according to a new study. Males rule in most of the animal world. But when it comes to conventional gender roles, lemurs -- distant primate cousins of ours -- buck the trend. It's not uncommon for lady lemurs to bite their mates, snatch a piece of fruit from their hands, whack them in the head or shove them out of prime sleeping spots. Females mark their territories with distinctive scents just as often as the males do....
https://www.biyologlar.com/male-hormones-help-lemur-females-rule -
Gene fuels age-related obesity and diabetes
Practically everyone gets fatter as they get older, but some people can blame their genes for the extra padding. Researchers have shown that two different mutations in a gene called ankyrin-B cause cells to suck up glucose faster than normal, fattening them up and eventually triggering the type of diabetes linked to obesity. The more severe of the two mutations, called R1788W, is carried by nearly one million Americans. The milder mutation, known as L1622I, is shared by seven percent of the...
https://www.biyologlar.com/gene-fuels-age-related-obesity-and-diabetes -
Lowly 'new girl' chimps form stronger female bonds
Low-ranking "new girl" chimpanzees seek out other gal pals with similar status, finds a new study of social relationships in the wild apes. The study is available online and is scheduled to appear in the July 2015 issue of the journal Animal Behaviour. Unlike most primates, female chimps are loners compared to males. "They spend about half their time alone or with dependent kids," said Duke University research scientist Steffen Foerster, who co-authored the study. "Chimpanzee females' more...
https://www.biyologlar.com/lowly-new-girl-chimps-form-stronger-female-bonds -
Eukaryotes: A new timetable of evolution
Contaminated samples have evidently created some confusion in the timetable of life. On the basis of ultra-clean analyses, an international team, including scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, has disproved supposed evidence that eukaryotes originated 2.5 to 2.8 billion years ago. In contrast to prokaryotes such as bacteria, eukaryotes have a nucleus. Some researchers thought they had discovered molecular remnants of living organisms in rock samples up to 2.8 billion...
https://www.biyologlar.com/eukaryotes-a-new-timetable-of-evolution -
Archaeopteryx: Tour the Exhibit with Pete Larson
Most scientists believe that birds evolved from small therapod dinosaurs. The key step was the development of feathers, turning animals that could walk or climb into animals that could fly. The first fossil discovered with feathers was found in 1861; just two years after Charles Darwin published his theory of evolution in 1859. Archaeopteryx, which lived over 150 million years ago, is a classic example of an evolutionary link between two groups of animals. As of today, there are only ten...
https://www.biyologlar.com/archaeopteryx-tour-the-exhibit-with-pete-larson -
'Golden jackals' of East Africa are actually 'golden wolves'
Despite their remarkably similar appearance, the "golden jackals" of East Africa and Eurasia are actually two entirely different species. The discovery, based on DNA evidence and reported in the Cell Press journal Current Biology on July 30, increases the overall biodiversity of the Canidae--the group including dogs, wolves, foxes, and jackals--from 35 living species to 36. "This represents the first discovery of a 'new' canid species in Africa in over 150 years," says Klaus-Peter Koepfli of...
https://www.biyologlar.com/golden-jackals-of-east-africa-are-actually-golden-wolves -
Tail as old as time -- researchers trace ankylosaur's tail evolution
How did the ankylosaur get its tail club? According to research from North Carolina State University and the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences that traces the evolution of the ankylosaur's distinctive tail, the handle arrived first on the scene, and the knot at the end of the tail followed. The typical ankylosaur had a wide armored body and a flexible tail. But one group of ankylosaurs - ankylosaurids - also had a tail club that could have served as a useful weapon. These "weaponized"...
https://www.biyologlar.com/tail-as-old-as-time-researchers-trace-ankylosaurs-tail-evolution -
New DNA research reveals genetic heritage of elusive vaquita
A new method of teasing information from scarce and highly degraded genetic samples is helping NOAA Fisheries and Mexican scientists unravel the genetic heritage of the enigmatic vaquita, the most endangered marine mammal on Earth. Genetic studies are important to the international effort to conserve the vaquita because the DNA that holds their genetic code can unlock the secrets of how they came to be. For instance, it can reveal the story of how - and how long ago - the animals evolved into...
https://www.biyologlar.com/new-dna-research-reveals-genetic-heritage-of-elusive-vaquita -
New DNA research reveals genetic heritage of elusive vaquita
A new method of teasing information from scarce and highly degraded genetic samples is helping NOAA Fisheries and Mexican scientists unravel the genetic heritage of the enigmatic vaquita, the most endangered marine mammal on Earth. Genetic studies are important to the international effort to conserve the vaquita because the DNA that holds their genetic code can unlock the secrets of how they came to be. For instance, it can reveal the story of how - and how long ago - the animals evolved into...
https://www.biyologlar.com/new-dna-research-reveals-genetic-heritage-of-elusive-vaquita -
'Tree of life' for 2.3 million species released
A first draft of the "tree of life" for the roughly 2.3 million named species of animals, plants, fungi and microbes -- from platypuses to puffballs -- has been released. A collaborative effort among eleven institutions, the tree depicts the relationships among living things as they diverged from one another over time, tracing back to the beginning of life on Earth more than 3.5 billion years ago. Tens of thousands of smaller trees have been published over the years for select branches of the...
https://www.biyologlar.com/tree-of-life-for-2-3-million-species-released -
Are fish the greatest athletes on the planet?
When you think of the world's greatest athletes, names like Usain Bolt generally spring to mind, but scientists have discovered the best athletes could well be found in the water, covered in scales. Scientists have discovered that fish are far more effective at delivering oxygen throughout their body than almost any other animal, giving them the athletic edge over other species. "Fish exploit a mechanism that is up to 50-times more effective in releasing oxygen to their tissues than that...
https://www.biyologlar.com/are-fish-the-greatest-athletes-on-the-planet -
Sonic hedgehog gene provides evidence that our limbs may have evolved from sharks' gills
Latest analysis shows that human limbs share a genetic programme with the gills of cartilaginous fishes such as sharks and skates, providing evidence to support a century-old theory on the origin of limbs that had been widely discounted.
https://www.biyologlar.com/sonic-hedgehog-gene-provides-evidence-that-our-limbs-may-have-evolved-from-sharks-gills -
Newly discovered fossil sea urchin is the oldest of its kind
Researchers have uncovered a fossil sea urchin that pushes back a fork in its family tree by 10 million years, according to a new study.
https://www.biyologlar.com/newly-discovered-fossil-sea-urchin-is-the-oldest-of-its-kind -
A 'supergene' underlies genetic differences sexual behaviour in male ruff
The ruff is a Eurasian shorebird that has a spectacular lekking behaviour where highly ornamented males compete for females. Now two groups report that males with alternative reproductive strategies carry a chromosomal rearrangement that has been maintained as a balanced genetic polymorphism for about 4 million years. The two studies, one led by scientists at Uppsala university, are published today in Nature Genetics. Three different types of ruff males occur at the leks of this species....
https://www.biyologlar.com/a-supergene-underlies-genetic-differences-sexual-behaviour-in-male-ruff -
May repairs full of mistakes develop into cancer?
These are DNA double-strand breaks, introduced by ionizing radiation or other mechanisms, are repaired rapidly and precisely in normal cells (right pathway). In contrast, compromised Tel1 activation with inefficient end...
https://www.biyologlar.com/may-repairs-full-of-mistakes-develop-into-cancer -
May repairs full of mistakes develop into cancer?
These are DNA double-strand breaks, introduced by ionizing radiation or other mechanisms, are repaired rapidly and precisely in normal cells (right pathway). In contrast, compromised Tel1 activation with inefficient end...
https://www.biyologlar.com/may-repairs-full-of-mistakes-develop-into-cancer -
Ara geçiş formu varmıdır?
Bırakalım bunu alanında en uzman bilim adamları söylesinler... Ali Demirsoy: “Evrimde açıklanması en zor olan kademelerden biri de bu ilkel canlılardan, nasıl olup da organelli ve karmaşık hücrelerin meydana geldiğini bilimsel olarak açıklamaktır. Esasında bu iki form arasında gerçek bir geçiş formu da bulunamamıştır. Bir hücreliler ve çok hücreliler bu karmaşık yapıyı tümüyle taşırlar, herhangi bir şekilde daha basit yapılı organelleri olan ya da...
https://www.biyologlar.com/ara-gecis-formu-varmidir -
First praying mantis survey of Rwanda uncovers rich diversity
A college student working at The Cleveland Museum of Natural History was lead author on the first formal survey of praying mantises in Rwanda, which revealed a 155 percent increase in praying mantis species diversity for the African country. Riley Tedrow, a Case Western Reserve University graduate student pursuing field research for the Museum, participated in two surveys across four locations in Rwanda, including three national parks. The survey was published Oct. 1, 2015 in the journal...
https://www.biyologlar.com/first-praying-mantis-survey-of-rwanda-uncovers-rich-diversity -
Sociable chimps harbor richer gut microbiomes
Spending time in close contact with others often means risking catching germs and getting sick. But being sociable may also help transmit beneficial microbes, finds a multi-institutional study of gut microbiomes in chimpanzees.
https://www.biyologlar.com/sociable-chimps-harbor-richer-gut-microbiomes -
Watching 'jumping genes' in action
"Jumping genes" are ubiquitous. Every domain of life hosts these sequences of DNA that can "jump" from one position to another along a chromosome; in fact, nearly half the human genome is made up of jumping genes.
https://www.biyologlar.com/watching-jumping-genes-in-action -
Watching 'jumping genes' in action
"Jumping genes" are ubiquitous. Every domain of life hosts these sequences of DNA that can "jump" from one position to another along a chromosome; in fact, nearly half the human genome is made up of jumping genes.
https://www.biyologlar.com/watching-jumping-genes-in-action -
Genetic 'paint box' shuffled between butterfly species to create new wing patterns
New research on butterfly genomes has revealed that the genetic components that produce different splotches of colour on wings can be mixed up between species by interbreeding to create new patterns, like a "genetic paint-box". Research on Amazonian Heliconius butterflies has shown that two of the most common colour patterns, found in combination on the wings of many Heliconius species - the dennis red patch on the base of the forewing, and the ray red streaks that fan out across the hindwing...
https://www.biyologlar.com/genetic-paint-box-shuffled-between-butterfly-species-to-create-new-wing-patterns -
The 'intraterrestrials': New viruses discovered in ocean depths
The intraterrestrials, they might be called. Strange creatures live in the deep sea, but few are odder than the viruses that inhabit deep ocean methane seeps and prey on single-celled microorganisms called archaea. The least understood of life's three primary domains, archaea thrive in the most extreme environments on the planet: near hot ocean rift vents, in acid mine drainage, in the saltiest of evaporation ponds and in petroleum deposits deep underground. Virus in the deep blue sea While...
https://www.biyologlar.com/the-intraterrestrials-new-viruses-discovered-in-ocean-depths -
Biologists find genetic mechanism for 'extremophile' fish survival
A Washington State University biologist has found the genetic mechanisms that lets a fish live in toxic, acidic water. The discovery opens the door to new insights into the functioning of other "extremophiles" and how they adapt to their challenging environments. "These fish are very extreme," said Joanna Kelley, a genome scientist in the School of Biological Sciences at Washington State University. "Ordinary fish, when you put them in that water, are belly up in about a minute." Kelley and...
https://www.biyologlar.com/biologists-find-genetic-mechanism-for-extremophile-fish-survival -
Fossil find reveals just how big carnivorous dinosaur may have grown
An unidentified fossilised bone in a museum has revealed the size of a fearsome abelisaur and may have solved a hundred-year old puzzle. Alessandro Chiarenza, a PhD student from Imperial College London, last year stumbled across a fossilised femur bone, left forgotten in a drawer, during his visit to the Museum of Geology and Palaeontology in Palermo Italy. He and a colleague Andrea Cau, a researcher from the University of Bologna, got permission from the museum to analyse the femur. They...
https://www.biyologlar.com/fossil-find-reveals-just-how-big-carnivorous-dinosaur-may-have-grown -
Viruses revealed to be a major driver of human evolution
Aminopeptidase N is a protein that acts as a receptor for coronaviruses, the family of viruses behind recent epidemics of SARS and MERS, among others.
https://www.biyologlar.com/viruses-revealed-to-be-a-major-driver-of-human-evolution -
Viruses revealed to be a major driver of human evolution
Aminopeptidase N is a protein that acts as a receptor for coronaviruses, the family of viruses behind recent epidemics of SARS and MERS, among others.
https://www.biyologlar.com/viruses-revealed-to-be-a-major-driver-of-human-evolution -
Researchers discover two new groups of viruses
Researchers at the University of Bonn and the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) have discovered two new groups of viruses within the Bunyavirus family in the tropical forest of Ivory Coast. Previously only five groups responsible for serious illnesses in humans and animals were known. Most are spread through blood-feeding insects. Based on the discovered viruses researchers conclude that the ancester to all bunyaviruses must have existed in arthropods such as insects. The results are...
https://www.biyologlar.com/researchers-discover-two-new-groups-of-viruses -
Research reveals trend in bird-shape evolution on islands
In groundbreaking new work, Natalie Wright, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Montana, has discovered a predictable trend in the evolution of bird shape.
https://www.biyologlar.com/research-reveals-trend-in-bird-shape-evolution-on-islands -
Penn study reveals how fish control microbes through their gills
Oriol Sunyer, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, has described fish as "an open gut swimming."
https://www.biyologlar.com/penn-study-reveals-how-fish-control-microbes-through-their-gills -
'Jumping gene' took peppered moths to the dark side
A mating pair of melanic peppered moths
https://www.biyologlar.com/jumping-gene-took-peppered-moths-to-the-dark-side -
'Jumping gene' took peppered moths to the dark side
A mating pair of melanic peppered moths
https://www.biyologlar.com/jumping-gene-took-peppered-moths-to-the-dark-side -
Bacteria take 'RNA mug shots' of threatening viruses
Scientists from The University of Texas at Austin, the Stanford University School of Medicine and two other institutions have discovered that bacteria have a system that can recognize and disrupt dangerous
https://www.biyologlar.com/bacteria-take-rna-mug-shots-of-threatening-viruses -
Watching a forest breathe
Flux towers are equipped with inlets for "sniffing the air " above the forest, in addition to other instruments such as sonic anemometers for measuring wind
https://www.biyologlar.com/watching-a-forest-breathe -
Watching a forest breathe
Flux towers are equipped with inlets for "sniffing the air " above the forest, in addition to other instruments such as sonic anemometers for measuring wind
https://www.biyologlar.com/watching-a-forest-breathe -
Ocean warming and acidification impact on calcareous phytoplankton
Coccolith morphology is shown as acidification and warming increases in the culture experiment.
https://www.biyologlar.com/ocean-warming-and-acidification-impact-on-calcareous-phytoplankton -
Ocean warming and acidification impact on calcareous phytoplankton
Coccolith morphology is shown as acidification and warming increases in the culture experiment.
https://www.biyologlar.com/ocean-warming-and-acidification-impact-on-calcareous-phytoplankton -
DNA of bacteria crucial to ecosystem defies explanation
This image shows a colony of Trichodesmium.
https://www.biyologlar.com/dna-of-bacteria-crucial-to-ecosystem-defies-explanation -
Bumblebee genomes create a buzz in the field of pollination
Bees play a key role in our ecosystem and in the world's food supply.
https://www.biyologlar.com/bumblebee-genomes-create-a-buzz-in-the-field-of-pollination -
New discoveries on evolution can save endangered species
Male and female of the beautiful demoiselle (Calopteryx virgo) in the so-called "mating wheel".
https://www.biyologlar.com/new-discoveries-on-evolution-can-save-endangered-species