Toplam 117 içerik listeleniyor
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Kloroplast’ın Kökeni
Bristol Üniversitesi liderliğindeki yeni bir araştırma. Kloroplastın ilk geliştiği kökenine, zamanlama ve yaşam alanına ışık tuttu. Gösel: Patricia Sanchez-Baracaldo
https://www.biyologlar.com/kloroplastin-kokeni -
Kloroplast’ın Kökeni
Bristol Üniversitesi liderliğindeki yeni bir araştırma. Kloroplastın ilk geliştiği kökenine, zamanlama ve yaşam alanına ışık tuttu. Gösel: Patricia Sanchez-Baracaldo
https://www.biyologlar.com/kloroplastin-kokeni -
Simple technology makes CRISPR gene editing cheaper
University of California, Berkeley, researchers have discovered a much cheaper and easier way to target a hot new gene editing tool, CRISPR-Cas9, to cut or label DNA. The CRISPR-Cas9 technique, invented three years ago at UC Berkeley, has taken genomics by storm, with its ability to latch on to a very specific sequence of DNA and cut it, inactivating genes with ease. This has great promise for targeted gene therapy to cure genetic diseases, and for discovering the causes of disease. The...
https://www.biyologlar.com/simple-technology-makes-crispr-gene-editing-cheaper -
Auramin - Rhodamin ile Boyama Yöntemi
Direkt mikroskopi teknikleri konusunun giriflinde verilen genel bilgiler ve yayma preparatın hazırlanması aflamaları hem karbol fuksin boyama hem florokrom boyama yöntemlerinde aynıdır. Rutinde tanı amaçlı en sık karbol fuksinli (Erlich Ziehl Neelsen- EZN , Kinyon) boyama kullanılmakla birlikte, daha duyarlı ve hazırlanan preparatın daha hızlı taranmasını sağlayan florokrom boyalar da kullanılabilir. Bu boyama yöntemlerinde, daha küçük bir büyütme ile daha genifl bir...
https://www.biyologlar.com/auramin-rhodamin-ile-boyama-yontemi -
Bakterilerde Hareket
Hareketli (motil) bakteriler Kamçı (Biyoloji), bakteriyel kayma, seğirmeli hareket ve batmazlık (buoyuans) değişmesi yoluyla hareket ederler. Seğirmeli hareketlilikte bakteriler tip IV piluslarını bir kanca olarak kullanır, tekrar tekrar onu uzatır, bir yere saplar ve büyük bir kuvvetle (>80 pN) geri çeker. Bakteriyel türler kamçılarının sayı ve düzenine göre farklılık gösterirler; bazılarının tek bir kamçısı vardır (tek kamçılı veya monotrik),...
https://www.biyologlar.com/bakterilerde-hareket -
Programlı hücre ölümü
Sorunuzun Cevabı burada var. www.biyologlar.com/index.php?option=com_...atid=25&id=1881#2266 Animasyon: Apoptosis: Overview www.promega.com/paguide/animation/selector.htm?coreName=apop01 Apoptosis: Intrinsic Triggers www.promega.com/paguide/animation/selector.htm?coreName=apop02 Apoptozis hakkında bilgiler Programlanmış hücre ölümü Programlanmış hücre ölümü (PHÖ veya PCD), herhangi bir hücrenin, hücre içi bir programla ölmesinin planlaması ve...
https://www.biyologlar.com/programli-hucre-olumu -
Streptococcus Pneumoniae (Hybrid Medical Animation)
Streptococcus Pneumoniae (Hybrid Medical Animation) Sequence showing Streptococcus pneumoniae, a pathogen that is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in adults and children. Over the last decade, resistance has become common and prevalence of strains resistant to multiple classes of drugs is increasing.
https://www.biyologlar.com/streptococcus-pneumoniae-hybrid-medical-animation -
Scientists blueprint tiny cellular 'nanomachine'
Scientists have drawn up molecular blueprints of a tiny cellular 'nanomachine', whose evolution is an extraordinary feat of nature, by using one of the brightest X-ray sources on Earth. The scientists produced the structural map of this nanomachine - diacylglycerol kinase - by using a "hit and run" crystallography technique. In doing so, they have been able to understand how the tiny enzyme performs critical cellular duties - answering questions that have been on the table for over 50 years...
https://www.biyologlar.com/scientists-blueprint-tiny-cellular-nanomachine -
Streaking an Agar Plate Besi yeri
How to streak an agar plate with bacteria - to isolate single bacterial colonies for identification
https://www.biyologlar.com/streaking-an-agar-plate-besi-yeri -
Some bacterial CRISPRs can snip RNA, too
You've probably seen news stories about the highly lauded, much-discussed genome editing system CRISPR/Cas9.
https://www.biyologlar.com/some-bacterial-crisprs-can-snip-rna-too -
Some bacterial CRISPRs can snip RNA, too
You've probably seen news stories about the highly lauded, much-discussed genome editing system CRISPR/Cas9.
https://www.biyologlar.com/some-bacterial-crisprs-can-snip-rna-too -
Water bears do not have extensive foreign DNA, new study finds
Tardigrades, also known as moss piglets or water bears, are eight-legged microscopic animals that have long fascinated scientists for their ability to survive extremes of temperature, pressure, lack of oxygen, and even radiation exposure.
https://www.biyologlar.com/water-bears-do-not-have-extensive-foreign-dna-new-study-finds -
Introduction to Microbiology Culture Techniques
Nicole Gentile, PhD Candidate, provides an overview of basic microbiology and the concepts involved, including the bacterial growth curve and classifying organisms based on morphologies. This lecture describes blood, urine and skin/soft tissue cultures, focusing on the types of media, sample collection processes, culture procedures, as well as speciation and susceptibility testing. Basic staining procedures, such as the simple stain, gram stain, spore stain, negative stain, and acid fast...
https://www.biyologlar.com/introduction-to-microbiology-culture-techniques -
Zooming in on bacterial weapons in 3-D
The plague, bacterial dysentery, and cholera have one thing in common: These dangerous diseases are caused by bacteria which infect their host using a sophisticated injection apparatus. Through needle-like structures, they release molecular agents into their host cell, thereby evading the immune response. Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Göttingen in cooperation with colleagues at the Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology in Berlin and the University of...
https://www.biyologlar.com/zooming-in-on-bacterial-weapons-in-3-d -
İndirgenemez komplekslik nedir?
İndirgenemez komplekslik kavramı, Akıllı Tasarım (AT) hareketini savunanların en fazla başvurdukları ve belki de AT’nin bilimsel bir teori olduğunu savunmak için kullandıkları yegâne argüman olarak karşımıza çıkıyor. Aslında indirgenemez komplekslik, AT’nin ispatlanması için kullanılamaz yani doğru olması AT’nin doğruluğunu göstermez ama bu yazımda bu konuyu bir kenara bırakıp indirgenemez kompleksliğin bilimsel konumunu inceleyeceğim. İndirgenemez...
https://www.biyologlar.com/indirgenemez-komplekslik-nedir -
Akıllı Tasarım: Bilim mi Din mi?
Akıllı Tasarım (AT) hareketinin neyi savunduğunu, hangi iddialarda bulunduğuna geçmeden önce bu hareketin kökenleri, nasıl ve ne zaman ortaya çıktığıyla ilgili biraz bilgi vermek istiyorum. Akıllı Tasarım hareketi, merkezi ABD’de Washington eyaletinin Seattle şehrinde bulunan DI (Discovery Institute yani Keşif Enstitüsü)’nin CSC (Center for Science and Culture yani Bilim ve Kültür Merkezi) bölümünü tarafından ortaya koyulmuştur. DI, 1990 yılında...
https://www.biyologlar.com/akilli-tasarim-bilim-mi-din-mi -
Bacterial DNA may integrate into human genome more readily in tumor tissue
Bacterial DNA may integrate into the human genome more readily in tumors than in normal human tissue, scientists have found. The researchers, affiliated with the University of Maryland School of Medicine's Institute for Genome Sciences, analyzed genomic sequencing data available from the Human Genome Project, the 1,000 Genomes Project and The Cancer Genome Atlas. They considered the phenomenon of lateral gene transfer (LGT), the transmission of genetic material between organisms in a manner...
https://www.biyologlar.com/bacterial-dna-may-integrate-into-human-genome-more-readily-in-tumor-tissue -
From friend to foe: How benign bacteria evolve to virulent pathogens
Bacteria can evolve rapidly to adapt to environmental change. Bacteria can evolve rapidly to adapt to environmental change. When the "environment" is the immune response of an infected host, this evolution can turn harmless bacteria into life-threatening pathogens. A study published on December 12 in PLOS Pathogens provides insight into how this happens. Isabel Gordo and colleagues from the Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia in Oeira, Portugal, have for the first time devised an experimental...
https://www.biyologlar.com/from-friend-to-foe-how-benign-bacteria-evolve-to-virulent-pathogens -
Antibiotic 'smart bomb' can target specific strains of bacteria
Researchers from North Carolina State University have developed a de facto antibiotic "smart bomb" that can identify specific strains of bacteria and sever their DNA, eliminating the infection. The technique offers a potential approach to treat infections by multi-drug resistant bacteria. "Conventional antibiotic treatments kill both 'good' and 'bad' bacteria, leading to unintended consequences, such as opportunistic infections," says Dr. Chase Beisel, an assistant professor of chemical and...
https://www.biyologlar.com/antibiotic-smart-bomb-can-target-specific-strains-of-bacteria -
Two new weapons in the battle against bacteria
Proteins are made up of a chain of amino acids and are vital for all cell processes. Proteases are among the most important types of protein. Like "molecular scissors", they cut other proteins at given positions and thereby execute important cell functions. By cutting the amino acid chains to the right length or breaking proteins apart they, for example, activate or deactivate proteins, decompose defective ones or switch signal sequences that serve to transport proteins to their proper position...
https://www.biyologlar.com/two-new-weapons-in-the-battle-against-bacteria -
Sociable chimps harbor richer gut microbiomes
Spending time in close contact with others often means risking catching germs and getting sick. But being sociable may also help transmit beneficial microbes, finds a multi-institutional study of gut microbiomes in chimpanzees.
https://www.biyologlar.com/sociable-chimps-harbor-richer-gut-microbiomes -
Watching 'jumping genes' in action
"Jumping genes" are ubiquitous. Every domain of life hosts these sequences of DNA that can "jump" from one position to another along a chromosome; in fact, nearly half the human genome is made up of jumping genes.
https://www.biyologlar.com/watching-jumping-genes-in-action -
Watching 'jumping genes' in action
"Jumping genes" are ubiquitous. Every domain of life hosts these sequences of DNA that can "jump" from one position to another along a chromosome; in fact, nearly half the human genome is made up of jumping genes.
https://www.biyologlar.com/watching-jumping-genes-in-action -
Too much of a good thing: Extra genes make bacteria lethal
We, as most animals, host many different beneficial bacteria. Being beneficial to the host often pays off for the bacteria, as success of the host determines the survival and spread of the microbe. But if bacteria grow too much they may become deadly. In a new study published in the latest edition of the scientific journal PLOS Biology*, a research team from Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia (IGC; Portugal) found that a single genomic change can turn beneficial bacteria into pathogenic bacteria,...
https://www.biyologlar.com/too-much-of-a-good-thing-extra-genes-make-bacteria-lethal -
Common bacteria on verge of becoming antibiotic-resistant superbugs
Antibiotic resistance is poised to spread globally among bacteria frequently implicated in respiratory and urinary infections in hospital settings, according to new research at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. The study shows that two genes that confer resistance against a particularly strong class of antibiotics can be shared easily among a family of bacteria responsible for a significant portion of hospital-associated infections. Drug-resistant germs in the same family...
https://www.biyologlar.com/common-bacteria-on-verge-of-becoming-antibiotic-resistant-superbugs -
The 'intraterrestrials': New viruses discovered in ocean depths
The intraterrestrials, they might be called. Strange creatures live in the deep sea, but few are odder than the viruses that inhabit deep ocean methane seeps and prey on single-celled microorganisms called archaea. The least understood of life's three primary domains, archaea thrive in the most extreme environments on the planet: near hot ocean rift vents, in acid mine drainage, in the saltiest of evaporation ponds and in petroleum deposits deep underground. Virus in the deep blue sea While...
https://www.biyologlar.com/the-intraterrestrials-new-viruses-discovered-in-ocean-depths -
Phages transducing antibiotic resistance detected in chicken meat
Bacteria resistant to antibiotics are on the rise. There are different explanations for how resistances are transferred. Researchers from the Vetmeduni Vienna found phages in chicken meat that are able to transfer antimicrobial resistance to bacteria. Phages are viruses that exclusively infect bacteria. They can contribute to the spread of antimicrobial resistance. The findings may also be relevant for clinical settings. The study was published in the journal Applied and Environmental...
https://www.biyologlar.com/phages-transducing-antibiotic-resistance-detected-in-chicken-meat -
Cell death: How a protein drives immune cells to suicide
The best hiding place often lies behind enemy lines, as many bacteria such as the pathogens responsible for tuberculosis or typhoid have realized. They invade immune cells and can survive there, well hidden, for some time. To eliminate such invaders, the host macrophages can initiate a suicide program. Together with researchers at the Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research and ETH Zurich, the team led by Prof. Sebastian Hiller from the Biozentrum at the University of Basel has shown for the...
https://www.biyologlar.com/cell-death-how-a-protein-drives-immune-cells-to-suicide -
Cell death: How a protein drives immune cells to suicide
The best hiding place often lies behind enemy lines, as many bacteria such as the pathogens responsible for tuberculosis or typhoid have realized. They invade immune cells and can survive there, well hidden, for some time. To eliminate such invaders, the host macrophages can initiate a suicide program. Together with researchers at the Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research and ETH Zurich, the team led by Prof. Sebastian Hiller from the Biozentrum at the University of Basel has shown for the...
https://www.biyologlar.com/cell-death-how-a-protein-drives-immune-cells-to-suicide -
Calcium channel blockers caught in the act at atomic level
Atomic resolution studies of two common calcium channel blockers, one that treats irregular heart beats, and another that controls high blood pressure and angina
https://www.biyologlar.com/calcium-channel-blockers-caught-in-the-act-at-atomic-level -
Calcium channel blockers caught in the act at atomic level
Atomic resolution studies of two common calcium channel blockers, one that treats irregular heart beats, and another that controls high blood pressure and angina
https://www.biyologlar.com/calcium-channel-blockers-caught-in-the-act-at-atomic-level -
Sequencing of barley genome achieves new milestone
Barley is one of the world's most important cereal crops.
https://www.biyologlar.com/sequencing-of-barley-genome-achieves-new-milestone -
Sequencing of barley genome achieves new milestone
Barley is one of the world's most important cereal crops.
https://www.biyologlar.com/sequencing-of-barley-genome-achieves-new-milestone -
Acorn worm genome reveals gill origins of human pharynx
The acorn worm Saccoglossus kowalevskii is common in brackish, shallow water on the Atlantic coast. Its newly sequenced genome is telling biologists about the genes responsible for pharyngeal gills
https://www.biyologlar.com/acorn-worm-genome-reveals-gill-origins-of-human-pharynx -
Acorn worm genome reveals gill origins of human pharynx
The acorn worm Saccoglossus kowalevskii is common in brackish, shallow water on the Atlantic coast. Its newly sequenced genome is telling biologists about the genes responsible for pharyngeal gills
https://www.biyologlar.com/acorn-worm-genome-reveals-gill-origins-of-human-pharynx -
Genomes of chimpanzee parasite species reveal evolution of human malaria
Female orphan chimpanzee are cared for at the Sanaga-Yong Chimpanzee Rescue Center.
https://www.biyologlar.com/genomes-of-chimpanzee-parasite-species-reveal-evolution-of-human-malaria -
Genomes of chimpanzee parasite species reveal evolution of human malaria
Female orphan chimpanzee are cared for at the Sanaga-Yong Chimpanzee Rescue Center.
https://www.biyologlar.com/genomes-of-chimpanzee-parasite-species-reveal-evolution-of-human-malaria -
Study finds shark fins & meat contain high levels of neurotoxins linked to Alzheimer's disease
Cyanobacterial neurotoxin β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) and Mercury are detected in sharks from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
https://www.biyologlar.com/study-finds-shark-fins-meat-contain-high-levels-of-neurotoxins-linked-to-alzheimers-disease -
Study finds shark fins & meat contain high levels of neurotoxins linked to Alzheimer's disease
Cyanobacterial neurotoxin β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) and Mercury are detected in sharks from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
https://www.biyologlar.com/study-finds-shark-fins-meat-contain-high-levels-of-neurotoxins-linked-to-alzheimers-disease -
Haemophilus influenzae
Haemophilus influenzae küçük, gram negatif, fakültatif anaerop kokobasillerdir. Doğal hayvan konağı yoktur, yalnızca insanda hastalık yapar. Bakterinin en dışında bulunan polisakkarit yapıdaki kapsülü başlıca virülans faktörü olup organizmayı fagositozdan korur. Kapsül polisakkarit yapısına göre altı farklı serotipi (a, b, c, d, e, f) bulunmaktadır (1,2,3,4).Haemophilus influenzae menenjit, pnömoni, sepitsemi, epiglottit, septik artrit, perikardit, osteomiyelit gibi...
https://www.biyologlar.com/haemophilus-influenzae -
Mapping the subway's microbiome
CRG scientists of the Barcelona Metasub Team at the Global Sampling Day.
https://www.biyologlar.com/mapping-the-subways-microbiome -
Mapping the subway's microbiome
CRG scientists of the Barcelona Metasub Team at the Global Sampling Day.
https://www.biyologlar.com/mapping-the-subways-microbiome -
E.coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella pneumoniae genel ve sısteamtık bilgi
E.coli Alem: Eubacteria Şube: Proteobacteria Sınıf: Gamma Proteobacteria Takım: Enterobacteriales Familya: Enterobacteriaceae Cins: Escherichia Tür: E. coli Genelde E. coli kısaltması ile veya koli basili olarak bilinen Escherichia coli (okunuşu Eşerişiya koli), memeli hayvanların kalın bağırsağında yaşayan faydalı bakteri türlerinden biridir. Normalde bağırsakta yaşadığı için, E. coli 'nin çevresel sularda varlığı dışkı kirlenmesinin bir belirtisidir. ...
https://www.biyologlar.com/e-coli-enterobacter-aerogenes-enterobacter-cloacae-citrobacter-freundii-klebsiella-pneumoniae-genel-ve-sisteamtik-bilgi -
Neisseria meningitidis ve Bakteriyel menenjitler
Bakteriyel menenjitler dünya genelinde - özellikle küçük çocuklarda, beyin hasarı, sekeller ve ölümle sonuçlanabilen ciddi tablolara yol açtıklarından dolayı- halen en önemli enfeksiyöz hastalıklardır. En sık rastlanan üç meningeal patojen olan Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae ve Streptococcus pneumoniae vakaların %80'den fazlasını oluştururlar. Erken ve özgül tanı hasta yönetiminde ve hastalığın kontrolü ile ilgili önlemlerin alınmasında...
https://www.biyologlar.com/neisseria-meningitidis-ve-bakteriyel-menenjitler -
Bakterilerde Hareket ve Hareket Tipleri
Hareketli (motil) bakteriler Kamçı (Biyoloji) bakteriyel kayma seğirmeli hareket ve batmazlık (buoyuans) değişmesi yoluyla hareket ederler. Seğirmeli hareketlilikte bakteriler tip IV piluslarını bir kanca olarak kullanır tekrar tekrar onu uzatır bir yere saplar ve büyük bir kuvvetle (>80 pN) geri çeker. Gram-negatif bakterin kamçıları. Taban kanca iplikçiği döndürür.Bakteriyel türler kamçılarının sayı ve düzenine göre farklılık gösterirler; bazılarının...
https://www.biyologlar.com/bakterilerde-hareket-ve-hareket-tipleri -
Bakterilerin sınıflandırılması
Bakterilerin sınıflandırılması türler arasında bulunan akrabalık ilişkilerine göre yapılan ökaryot sınıflandırılmasına pek benzemez. Bakteriler için tür kavramı genetik bir gerçeklikten çok kavramsal bir anlayıştan kaynaklanır. Bugün bilinen binlerce türün sınıflandırılması herşeyden önce benzerliklere dayanır. Bu bakteri sistematiği kurmak için kullanılan ölçütler sitofizyozlajik özelliklerin tümüne dayalı bir hiyerarşiden kaynaklanır. Üç...
https://www.biyologlar.com/bakterilerin-siniflandirilmasi -
Petrol Kirliliğinin Bakterilerle Önlenmesi
İnsanlığın en büyük ihtiyaçlarından biri enerji ihtiyacıdır. Bu enerji ihtiyacının büyük bir kısmı güneş tarafından doğal olarak bize gelir. Ancak Güneş tarafından elde edemediğimiz bazı enerjiler de vardır. Güneş dışındaki bu doğal enerji kaynaklarının en önemlilerinden biri ise petroldür. Petrol geniş kullanım alanı yüzünden her zaman insanoğlunun vazgeçilmezi olmuştur ve yaşadığımız sıcak gelişmelerde bunun böyle devam edeceğinin bir...
https://www.biyologlar.com/petrol-kirliliginin-bakterilerle-onlenmesi -
Bakteri hücreleri arasında haberleşme (Cell-to-cell communication: quorum sensing)
Yakın zamana kadar tek ve çok hücreli organizmaları ayırmada önemli bir fark çok hücrelilerde hücrelerarası iletişimin olmasıydı. Yüksek canlılarda hücreler arasında sinyallerin gelip gitmesi, karmaşık sinyal yollarının olması onları tek hücrelilerden ayıran bir özellikti. Şimdi ise aynı türden yada farklı türlerden bakterilerin kendi aralarında haberleşebildiğini biliyoruz. Üstelik bu özellik bakterilerin yaşamsal fonksiyonlarıyla yakından ilişkili. Bir...
https://www.biyologlar.com/bakteri-hucreleri-arasinda-haberlesme-cell-to-cell-communication-quorum-sensing -
Bakterilerin Sınıflandırılması
Bakterilerin Sınıflandırılması - Şube: Acidobacteria - Şube: Actinobacteria - Şube: Aquificae - Şube: Bacteroidetes - Şube: Chlamydiae - Şube: Chlorobi - Şube: Chloroflexi - Şube: Chrysiogenetes - Şube: Cyanobacteria - Şube: Deferribacteres - Şube: Deinococcus-Thermus - Şube: Dictyoglomi - Şube: Fibrobacteres - Şube: Firmicutes - Şube: Fusobacteria - Şube: Gemmatimonadetes - Şube: Nitrospirae - Şube: Planctomycetes - Şube: Proteobacteria - Şube: Spirochaetes - Şube:...
https://www.biyologlar.com/bakterilerin-siniflandirilmasi-1 -
Bacteria (Bakteriler)
Alpha Proteobacteria Caulobacterales - örn. Caulobacter Parvularculales Rhizobiales - örn. rhizobia Bartonella henselae Rhodobacterales Rhodospirillales - örn. Acetobacter Rickettsiales - örn. Rickettsia Sphingomonadales e.g. Sphingomonas Beta Proteobacteria Burkholderiales - örn. Bordetella Hydrogenophilales Methylophilales Neisseriales - örn. Neisseria Nitrosomonadales Rhodocyclales Procabacteriales Gamma Proteobacteria Acidithiobacillales Aeromonadales - örn. Aeromonas...
https://www.biyologlar.com/bacteria-bakteriler