Toplam 81 içerik listeleniyor
-
How the ant queen gets her crown: Uncovering the evolution of queen-worker differences
Queen and worker ants develop from the same sets of genes, but end up being structurally, behaviourally, and functionally different. Queen and worker ants develop from the same sets of genes, but perform completely different ecological roles. How the same genes result in two types of individuals is an ongoing mystery. In the past, scientists have only studied a small number of ant species at a time to try to understand the nature of queen-worker differences. However, a team from the Okinawa...
https://www.biyologlar.com/how-the-ant-queen-gets-her-crown-uncovering-the-evolution-of-queen-worker-differences-haber-8124 -
New gene therapy method provides specific, safe control of therapeutic transgenes
Korean researchers have described a novel control system to regulate the expression of a therapeutic transgene by targeting the passenger strand of a microRNA (miR-122) linked to the transgene. The researchers report that a control system based on targeting the passenger strand of miR-122 rather than the guide strand can regulate expression of an exogenous, therapeutic gene, while not affecting the expression of endogenous genes, in an article in Nucleic Acid Therapeutics. The article is...
https://www.biyologlar.com/new-gene-therapy-method-provides-specific-safe-control-of-therapeutic-transgenes-haber-8763 -
A new genome editing method brings the possibility of gene therapies closer to reality
Researchers from Salk Institute for Biological Studies, BGI, and other institutes for the first time evaluated the safety and reliability of the existing targeted gene correction technologies, and successfully developed a new method, TALEN-HDAdV, which could significantly increased gene-correction efficiency in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC). This study published online in Cell Stell Cell provides an important theoretical foundation for stem cell-based gene...
https://www.biyologlar.com/a-new-genome-editing-method-brings-the-possibility-of-gene-therapies-closer-to-reality-haber-8766 -
Vahşi Buluş: Hamile Fosil Bütün Dinozorların Önceden Düşünüldüğü Gibi Yumurtlamadığına Dair Bir Kanıt Oluşturuyor!
En küçük devler: Dinozor yumurtalarını keşfetme serisi / 12 Mart 2002 de Chicagos Field Müzesi’nde Yumurta Bebek Sauropodunun Ölçeklendirilmiş Bir Modeli Sergilendi. FOTOĞRAF : TİM BOYLE
https://www.biyologlar.com/vahsi-bulus-hamile-fosil-butun-dinazorlarin-onceden-dusunuldugu-gibi-yumurtlamadigina-dair-bir-kanit-olusturuyor -
Highly efficient CRISPR knock-in in mouse
Genome editing using CRISPR/Cas system has enabled direct modification of the mouse genome in fertilized mouse eggs, leading to rapid, convenient, and efficient one-step production of knockout mice without embryonic stem cells. In contrast to the ease of targeted gene deletion, the complementary application, called targeted gene cassette insertion or knock-in, in fertilized mouse eggs by CRISPR/Cas mediated genome editing still remains a tough challenge. Professor Kohichi Tanaka and Dr. Tomomi...
https://www.biyologlar.com/highly-efficient-crispr-knock-in-in-mouse -
Coral reefs in Palau surprisingly resistant to naturally acidified waters
Ocean researchers working on the coral reefs of Palau in 2011 and 2012 made two unexpected discoveries that could provide insight into corals' resistance and resilience to ocean acidification, and aid in the creation of a plan to protect them. The team collected water samples at nine points along a transect that stretched from the open ocean, across the barrier reef, into the lagoon and then into the bays and inlets around the Rock Islands of Palau, in the western Pacific Ocean. With each...
https://www.biyologlar.com/coral-reefs-in-palau-surprisingly-resistant-to-naturally-acidified-waters -
Pancreas stem cell discovery may lead to new diabetes treatments
Stem cells in the adult pancreas have been identified that can be turned into insulin producing cells, a finding that means people with type 1 diabetes might one day be able to regenerate their own insulin-producing cells. The discovery was made by scientists from the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute and provides further evidence that stem cells don't only occur in the embryo. The ability to produce the hormone insulin is crucial for controlling blood sugar (glucose) levels. In people with...
https://www.biyologlar.com/pancreas-stem-cell-discovery-may-lead-to-new-diabetes-treatments -
Scientists reconstruct ancient impact that dwarfs dinosaur-extinction blast
Picture this: A massive asteroid almost as wide as Rhode Island and about three to five times larger than the rock thought to have wiped out the dinosaurs slams into Earth. The collision punches a crater into the planet's crust that's nearly 500 kilometers (about 300 miles) across: greater than the distance from Washington, D.C. to New York City, and up to two and a half times larger in diameter than the hole formed by the dinosaur-killing asteroid. Seismic waves bigger than any recorded...
https://www.biyologlar.com/scientists-reconstruct-ancient-impact-that-dwarfs-dinosaur-extinction-blast -
Stem cell breakthrough could set up future transplant therapies
A new method for creating stem cells for the human liver and pancreas, which could enable both cell types to be grown in sufficient quantities for clinical use, has been developed by scientists. Using the technique, researchers have for the first time been able to grow a pure, self-renewing population of stem cells specific to the human foregut, the upper section of the human digestive system. These so-called "Foregut stem cells" could then be developed further to produce liver or pancreatic...
https://www.biyologlar.com/stem-cell-breakthrough-could-set-up-future-transplant-therapies -
Researchers use human stem cells to create light-sensitive retina in a dish
Using a type of human stem cell, Johns Hopkins researchers say they have created a three-dimensional complement of human retinal tissue in the laboratory, which notably includes functioning photoreceptor cells capable of responding to light, the first step in the process of converting it into visual images.
https://www.biyologlar.com/researchers-use-human-stem-cells-to-create-light-sensitive-retina-in-a-dish -
Detecting HIV diagnostic antibodies with DNA nanomachines
New research may revolutionize the slow, cumbersome and expensive process of detecting the antibodies that can help with the diagnosis of infectious and auto-immune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and HIV. An international team of researchers have designed and synthetized a nanometer-scale DNA "machine" whose customized modifications enable it to recognize a specific target antibody. Their new approach, which they described this month in Angewandte Chemie, promises to support the...
https://www.biyologlar.com/detecting-hiv-diagnostic-antibodies-with-dna-nanomachines -
Virginia Tech researchers take cue from spider glue in efforts to create new materials
A taut tug on the line signals the arrival of dinner, and the leggy spider dashes across the web to find a tasty squirming insect. The spider, known as an orb weaver, must perfectly execute this moment, from a lightning-fast reaction to an artfully spun web glistening with sticky glue. This glue -- created when glycoproteins are secreted from a spider's abdomen and interact with the atmosphere -- has been studied for the past 12 years by Brent Opell, a professor of biological sciences in the...
https://www.biyologlar.com/virginia-tech-researchers-take-cue-from-spider-glue-in-efforts-to-create-new-materials -
Epigenetic signatures that differentiate triple-negative breast cancers
The new study, published in Nature Communications, compares the breast cancer DNA 'methylome' with that of healthy individuals. The methylome provides a new picture of the genome and shows how it is epigenetically 'decorated' with methyl groups, a process known as DNA 'methylation'.
https://www.biyologlar.com/epigenetic-signatures-that-differentiate-triple-negative-breast-cancers -
Wheat disease-resistance gene identified, potential to save billions
A gene that can prevent some of the most important wheat diseases has been identified--creating the potential to save more than a billion dollars in lost production in Australia alone each year. In a global collaboration including the University of Sydney's Plant Breeding Institute (PBI), the CSIRO, CIMMYT (Mexico), University of Newcastle, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Norwegian University of Life Sciences, the gene Lr67 has been identified as providing resistance to three of the most...
https://www.biyologlar.com/wheat-disease-resistance-gene-identified-potential-to-save-billions -
Scientists create functional liver cells from stem cells
The liver plays a critical role in human metabolism. As the gatekeeper of the digestive track, this massive organ is responsible for drug breakdown and is therefore the first to be injured due to overdose or misuse. Evaluating this drug-induced liver injury is a critical part of pharmaceutical drug discovery and must be carried out on human liver cells. Regretfully, human liver cells, called hepatocytes, are in scarce supply as they can only be isolated from donated organs. Now, in research...
https://www.biyologlar.com/scientists-create-functional-liver-cells-from-stem-cells -
Great Barrier Reef marine reserves combat coral disease
A new and significant role for marine reserves on the Great Barrier Reef has been revealed, with researchers finding the reserves reduce the prevalence of coral diseases. It's been known for some time that marine reserves are important for maintaining and enhancing fish stocks, but this is the first time marine reserves have been shown to enhance coral health on the Great Barrier Reef. Researchers from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies at James Cook University found that...
https://www.biyologlar.com/great-barrier-reef-marine-reserves-combat-coral-disease -
Lab experiments question popular measure of ancient ocean temperatures
Understanding the planet's history is crucial if we are to predict its future. While some records are preserved in ice cores or tree rings, other records of the climate's ancient past are buried deep in the seafloor. An increasingly popular method to deduce historic sea surface temperatures uses sediment-entombed bodies of marine archaea, one of Earth's most ancient and resilient creatures, as a 150-million-year record of ocean temperatures. While other measures have gaps, this one is...
https://www.biyologlar.com/lab-experiments-question-popular-measure-of-ancient-ocean-temperatures -
Odd histone helps suppress jumping genes in stem cells, study says
A family of proteins known as histones provides support and structure to DNA, but for years, scientists have been puzzling over occasional outliers among these histones, which appear to exist for specific, but often mysterious reasons. Now, researchers have uncovered a new purpose for one such histone variant: preventing genetic mutations by keeping certain so-called "jumping genes" in place. This research, which began at Rockefeller University and was published May 4 in Nature, reveals a...
https://www.biyologlar.com/odd-histone-helps-suppress-jumping-genes-in-stem-cells-study-says -
New GTEx findings show how DNA differences influence gene activity, disease susceptibility
Researchers funded by the National Institutes of Health Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project have created a new and much-anticipated data resource to help establish how differences in an individual's genomic make-up can affect gene activity and contribute to disease. The new resource will enable scientists to examine the underlying genomics of many different human tissues and cells at the same time, and promises to open new avenues to the study and understanding of human biology. GTEx...
https://www.biyologlar.com/new-gtex-findings-show-how-dna-differences-influence-gene-activity-disease-susceptibility -
Decaying RNA molecules tell a story
Once messenger RNA (mRNA) has done its job - conveying the information to produce the proteins necessary for a cell to function - it is no longer required and is degraded. Scientists have long thought that the decay started after translation was complete and that decaying RNA molecules provided little biological information. Now a team from EMBL Heidelberg and Stanford University led by Lars Steinmetz has turned this on its head in an article published in Cell. The researchers have shown that...
https://www.biyologlar.com/decaying-rna-molecules-tell-a-story -
Stem cell therapy improves outcomes in severe heart failure
A new stem cell therapy significantly improved long-term health outcomes in patients with severe and end-stage heart failure in a study presented at the American College of Cardiology's 65th Annual Scientific Session.
https://www.biyologlar.com/stem-cell-therapy-improves-outcomes-in-severe-heart-failure -
Penn bioengineers show why lab-made stem cells might fail: Errors in DNA folding
Induced pluripotent stem cells hold promise for regenerative medicine because they can, in theory, turn into any type of tissue and because they are made from a patient's own adult cells, guaranteeing compatibility. However, the technique that turns adult cells into these iPS cells is not foolproof; after reverting to their pluripotent state, these cells don't always correctly differentiate back into adult cells. Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania have now discovered one of the...
https://www.biyologlar.com/penn-bioengineers-show-why-lab-made-stem-cells-might-fail-errors-in-dna-folding -
How our gut changes across the life course
Scientists and clinicians on the Norwich Research Park have carried out the first detailed study of how our intestinal tract changes as we age, and how this determines our overall health. As well as digesting food, the gut plays a central role in programming our immune system, and provides an effective barrier to bacteria that could make us ill. In particular, immune cells that line the gut work to maintain the integrity of the barrier, as well as maintaining a balance that provides a healthy...
https://www.biyologlar.com/how-our-gut-changes-across-the-life-course -
Gene controls regeneration of injured muscle by adult stem cells
A key gene enables the repair of injured muscle throughout life. This is the finding of a study in mice led by researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center and the University of Colorado at Boulder, and published online July 21 in Cell Reports.
https://www.biyologlar.com/gene-controls-regeneration-of-injured-muscle-by-adult-stem-cells -
CRISPR gene editing reveals new therapeutic approach for blood disorders
This is a scanning electron micrograph of sickled and other red blood cells.
https://www.biyologlar.com/crispr-gene-editing-reveals-new-therapeutic-approach-for-blood-disorders -
CRISPR gene editing reveals new therapeutic approach for blood disorders
This is a scanning electron micrograph of sickled and other red blood cells.
https://www.biyologlar.com/crispr-gene-editing-reveals-new-therapeutic-approach-for-blood-disorders -
Deciphering the olfactory receptor code
In animals, numerous behaviors are governed by the olfactory perception of their surrounding world. Whether originating in the nose of a mammal or the antennas of an insect, perception results from the combined activation of multiple receptors located in these organs. Identifying the full repertoire of receptors stimulated by a given odorant would represent a key step in deciphering the code that mediates these behaviors. To this end, a tool that provides a complete olfactory receptor signature...
https://www.biyologlar.com/deciphering-the-olfactory-receptor-code -
New DNA research reveals genetic heritage of elusive vaquita
A new method of teasing information from scarce and highly degraded genetic samples is helping NOAA Fisheries and Mexican scientists unravel the genetic heritage of the enigmatic vaquita, the most endangered marine mammal on Earth. Genetic studies are important to the international effort to conserve the vaquita because the DNA that holds their genetic code can unlock the secrets of how they came to be. For instance, it can reveal the story of how - and how long ago - the animals evolved into...
https://www.biyologlar.com/new-dna-research-reveals-genetic-heritage-of-elusive-vaquita -
New DNA research reveals genetic heritage of elusive vaquita
A new method of teasing information from scarce and highly degraded genetic samples is helping NOAA Fisheries and Mexican scientists unravel the genetic heritage of the enigmatic vaquita, the most endangered marine mammal on Earth. Genetic studies are important to the international effort to conserve the vaquita because the DNA that holds their genetic code can unlock the secrets of how they came to be. For instance, it can reveal the story of how - and how long ago - the animals evolved into...
https://www.biyologlar.com/new-dna-research-reveals-genetic-heritage-of-elusive-vaquita -
Sonic hedgehog gene provides evidence that our limbs may have evolved from sharks' gills
Latest analysis shows that human limbs share a genetic programme with the gills of cartilaginous fishes such as sharks and skates, providing evidence to support a century-old theory on the origin of limbs that had been widely discounted.
https://www.biyologlar.com/sonic-hedgehog-gene-provides-evidence-that-our-limbs-may-have-evolved-from-sharks-gills -
Introduction to Microbiology Culture Techniques
Nicole Gentile, PhD Candidate, provides an overview of basic microbiology and the concepts involved, including the bacterial growth curve and classifying organisms based on morphologies. This lecture describes blood, urine and skin/soft tissue cultures, focusing on the types of media, sample collection processes, culture procedures, as well as speciation and susceptibility testing. Basic staining procedures, such as the simple stain, gram stain, spore stain, negative stain, and acid fast...
https://www.biyologlar.com/introduction-to-microbiology-culture-techniques -
A 'supergene' underlies genetic differences sexual behaviour in male ruff
The ruff is a Eurasian shorebird that has a spectacular lekking behaviour where highly ornamented males compete for females. Now two groups report that males with alternative reproductive strategies carry a chromosomal rearrangement that has been maintained as a balanced genetic polymorphism for about 4 million years. The two studies, one led by scientists at Uppsala university, are published today in Nature Genetics. Three different types of ruff males occur at the leks of this species....
https://www.biyologlar.com/a-supergene-underlies-genetic-differences-sexual-behaviour-in-male-ruff -
From friend to foe: How benign bacteria evolve to virulent pathogens
Bacteria can evolve rapidly to adapt to environmental change. Bacteria can evolve rapidly to adapt to environmental change. When the "environment" is the immune response of an infected host, this evolution can turn harmless bacteria into life-threatening pathogens. A study published on December 12 in PLOS Pathogens provides insight into how this happens. Isabel Gordo and colleagues from the Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia in Oeira, Portugal, have for the first time devised an experimental...
https://www.biyologlar.com/from-friend-to-foe-how-benign-bacteria-evolve-to-virulent-pathogens -
Biological 'clock' discovered in sea turtle shells
Radiocarbon dating of atomic bomb fallout found in sea turtle shells can be used to reliably estimate the ages, growth rates and reproductive maturity of sea turtle populations in the wild, a new study led by Duke University and NOAA researchers finds. The technique provides more accurate estimates than other methods scientists currently use and may help shed new light on factors influencing the decline and lack of recovery of some endangered sea turtles populations. "The most basic questions...
https://www.biyologlar.com/biological-clock-discovered-in-sea-turtle-shells -
Too much of a good thing: Extra genes make bacteria lethal
We, as most animals, host many different beneficial bacteria. Being beneficial to the host often pays off for the bacteria, as success of the host determines the survival and spread of the microbe. But if bacteria grow too much they may become deadly. In a new study published in the latest edition of the scientific journal PLOS Biology*, a research team from Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia (IGC; Portugal) found that a single genomic change can turn beneficial bacteria into pathogenic bacteria,...
https://www.biyologlar.com/too-much-of-a-good-thing-extra-genes-make-bacteria-lethal -
Scientists learn more about how star-shaped brain cells help us learn
A molecule that enables strong communication between our brain and muscles appears to also aid essential communication between our neurons, scientists report.
https://www.biyologlar.com/scientists-learn-more-about-how-star-shaped-brain-cells-help-us-learn -
NIH-funded study establishes genomic data set on Lassa virus
An international team of researchers has developed the largest genomic data set in the world on Lassa virus (LASV). The new genomic catalog contains nearly 200 viral genomes collected from patient samples in Sierra Leone and Nigeria, as well as field samples from the major animal reservoir, or host, of Lassa virus--the rodent Mastomys natalensis, also called the multimammate rat. The researchers show that LASV strains cluster into four major groups based on geographic location, with three in...
https://www.biyologlar.com/nih-funded-study-establishes-genomic-data-set-on-lassa-virus -
Hepatitis A-like virus identified in seals
Scientists in the Center for Infection and Immunity at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health have discovered a new virus in seals that is the closest known relative of the human hepatitis A virus. The finding provides new clues on the emergence of hepatitis A. The research appears in the July/August issue of mBio, the online open-access journal of the American Society for Microbiology. "Until now, we didn't know that hepatitis A had any close relatives, and we thought that only...
https://www.biyologlar.com/hepatitis-a-like-virus-identified-in-seals -
New fungi behind emerging wheat disease
Researchers have unraveled the mystery cause of the emerging wheat disease White Grain Disorder. Scientists at the Wheat Biosecurity Laboratory at The Australian National University (ANU) identified the cause of the disease when they isolated three previously undiscovered fungi from infected wheat samples and sequenced their genomes. "Until now, growers and pathologists have recognised the symptoms of White Grain Disorder, but they haven't known what causes it," said lead researcher Associate...
https://www.biyologlar.com/new-fungi-behind-emerging-wheat-disease -
Human kidney progenitors isolated, offering new clues to cell renewal
In a first-of-its-kind look at human kidney development, researchers at The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles have isolated human nephron progenitor (NP) cells.
https://www.biyologlar.com/human-kidney-progenitors-isolated-offering-new-clues-to-cell-renewal -
Marine carbon sinking rates confirm importance of polar oceans
Results show that the transfer efficiency of organic carbon from the surface to the deep ocean
https://www.biyologlar.com/marine-carbon-sinking-rates-confirm-importance-of-polar-oceans -
Specialized life forms abound at Arctic methane seeps
This image shows chemosynthesis vs photosynthesis.
https://www.biyologlar.com/specialized-life-forms-abound-at-arctic-methane-seeps -
Specialized life forms abound at Arctic methane seeps
This image shows chemosynthesis vs photosynthesis.
https://www.biyologlar.com/specialized-life-forms-abound-at-arctic-methane-seeps -
Complex, large-scale genome analysis made easier
The mSet algorithm by Oliver Stegle at EMBL-EBI makes large-scale, complex genome analyses easier.
https://www.biyologlar.com/complex-large-scale-genome-analysis-made-easier -
New clues found to how 'cruise-ship' virus gets inside cells
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have identified the protein that norovirus -- shown here in a colored transmission electron micrograph -- uses to invade cells
https://www.biyologlar.com/new-clues-found-to-how-cruise-ship-virus-gets-inside-cells -
Scientists using crowdfunding to sequence the genome of Joshua tree
This image shows Yucca Brevifolia Tikaboo, June 2014.
https://www.biyologlar.com/scientists-using-crowdfunding-to-sequence-the-genome-of-joshua-tree -
Scientists using crowdfunding to sequence the genome of Joshua tree
This image shows Yucca Brevifolia Tikaboo, June 2014.
https://www.biyologlar.com/scientists-using-crowdfunding-to-sequence-the-genome-of-joshua-tree -
First fossil facial tumor discovered in a dwarf duck-billed dinosaur from Transylvania
The first-ever record of a tumourous facial swelling found in a fossil has been discovered in the jaw of the dwarf dinosaur Telmatosaurus transsylvanicus, a type of primitive duck-billed dinosaur known as a hadrosaur.
https://www.biyologlar.com/first-fossil-facial-tumor-discovered-in-a-dwarf-duck-billed-dinosaur-from-transylvania -
Discovery: Mantis shrimp use UV color spots, chemical cues to size up opponents
A mantis shrimp displaying its meral spots, visible as two purple dots.
https://www.biyologlar.com/discovery-mantis-shrimp-use-uv-color-spots-chemical-cues-to-size-up-opponents -
Tiger sharks can be marine 'hyenas' too
Tiger sharks are known as impressive predators that hunt and consume almost anything from birds to sea turtles. But when the opportunity presents itself, these sharks easily convert into the role of marine scavengers.
https://www.biyologlar.com/tiger-sharks-can-be-marine-hyenas-too