Toplam 1066 içerik listeleniyor
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First gene linked to temperature sex switch
The sex of many reptile species is set by temperature. New research reported in the journal GENETICS identifies the first gene associated with temperature-dependent sex determination in any reptile.
https://www.biyologlar.com/first-gene-linked-to-temperature-sex-switch -
3-D motion of cold virus offers hope for improved drugs using Australia's fastest supercomputer
Melbourne researchers are now simulating in 3D, the motion of the complete human rhinovirus, the most frequent cause of the common cold, on Australia's fastest supercomputer, paving the way for new drug development. Rhinovirus infection is linked to about 70 per cent of all asthma exacerbations with more than 50 per cent of these patients requiring hospitalisation. Furthermore, over 35 per cent of patients with acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are hospitalised each year due...
https://www.biyologlar.com/3-d-motion-of-cold-virus-offers-hope-for-improved-drugs-using-australias-fastest-supercomputer -
'Fourth strand' of European ancestry originated with hunter-gatherers isolated by Ice Age
The first sequencing of ancient genomes extracted from human remains that date back to the Late Upper Palaeolithic period over 13,000 years ago has revealed a previously unknown "fourth strand" of ancient European ancestry. This new lineage stems from populations of hunter-gatherers that split from western hunter-gatherers shortly after the 'out of Africa' expansion some 45,000 years ago and went on to settle in the Caucasus region, where southern Russia meets Georgia today. Here these...
https://www.biyologlar.com/fourth-strand-of-european-ancestry-originated-with-hunter-gatherers-isolated-by-ice-age -
Cells check DNA segregation at the end of their division
The cells in our bodies are constantly dividing. From embryonic development to adult life, cell division is necessary for tissue growth and renewal.
https://www.biyologlar.com/cells-check-dna-segregation-at-the-end-of-their-division -
Akıllı Tasarım: Bilim mi Din mi?
Akıllı Tasarım (AT) hareketinin neyi savunduğunu, hangi iddialarda bulunduğuna geçmeden önce bu hareketin kökenleri, nasıl ve ne zaman ortaya çıktığıyla ilgili biraz bilgi vermek istiyorum. Akıllı Tasarım hareketi, merkezi ABD’de Washington eyaletinin Seattle şehrinde bulunan DI (Discovery Institute yani Keşif Enstitüsü)’nin CSC (Center for Science and Culture yani Bilim ve Kültür Merkezi) bölümünü tarafından ortaya koyulmuştur. DI, 1990 yılında...
https://www.biyologlar.com/akilli-tasarim-bilim-mi-din-mi -
Virus throws a wrench in the immune system
The cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a member of the herpesvirus family. Although most people carry CMV for life, it hardly ever makes them sick. Researchers from the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and from the USA have now unveiled long term consequences of the on-going presence of CMV: Later in life, more and more cells of the immune system concentrate on CMV, and as a result, the response against other viruses is weakened. These research results help to explain why the elderly are often...
https://www.biyologlar.com/virus-throws-a-wrench-in-the-immune-system -
A 'supergene' underlies genetic differences sexual behaviour in male ruff
The ruff is a Eurasian shorebird that has a spectacular lekking behaviour where highly ornamented males compete for females. Now two groups report that males with alternative reproductive strategies carry a chromosomal rearrangement that has been maintained as a balanced genetic polymorphism for about 4 million years. The two studies, one led by scientists at Uppsala university, are published today in Nature Genetics. Three different types of ruff males occur at the leks of this species....
https://www.biyologlar.com/a-supergene-underlies-genetic-differences-sexual-behaviour-in-male-ruff -
An enzyme enigma discovered in the abyss
Scientists at the Universities of Bristol and Newcastle have uncovered the secret of the 'Mona Lisa of chemical reactions' - in a bacterium that lives at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean.
https://www.biyologlar.com/an-enzyme-enigma-discovered-in-the-abyss -
An enzyme enigma discovered in the abyss
Scientists at the Universities of Bristol and Newcastle have uncovered the secret of the 'Mona Lisa of chemical reactions' - in a bacterium that lives at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean.
https://www.biyologlar.com/an-enzyme-enigma-discovered-in-the-abyss -
Microbiology
presentation Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University
https://www.biyologlar.com/microbiology-1 -
New insights into a virus proteome
The genome encodes the complete information needed by an organism, including that required for protein production. Viruses, which are up to a thousand times smaller than human cells, have considerably smaller genomes. Using a type of herpesvirus as a model system, the scientists of the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry in Martinsried near Munich and their collaboration partners at the University of California in San Francisco have shown that the genome of this virus contains much more...
https://www.biyologlar.com/new-insights-into-a-virus-proteome -
Marine animals use new form of secret light communication
Researchers from the Queensland Brain Institute at The University of Queensland have uncovered a new form of secret light communication used by marine animals. The findings may have applications in satellite remote sensing, biomedical imaging, cancer detection, and computer data storage. Dr Yakir Gagnon, Professor Justin Marshall and colleagues previously showed that mantis shrimp (Gonodactylaceus falcatus) can reflect and detect circular polarising light, an ability extremely rare in nature....
https://www.biyologlar.com/marine-animals-use-new-form-of-secret-light-communication -
Scientists report world's first herbivorous filter-feeding marine reptile
Some strange creatures cropped up in the wake of one of Earth's biggest mass extinctions 252 million years ago. In 2014, scientists discovered a bizarre fossil--a crocodile-sized sea-dwelling reptile,
https://www.biyologlar.com/scientists-report-worlds-first-herbivorous-filter-feeding-marine-reptile -
Scientists report world's first herbivorous filter-feeding marine reptile
Some strange creatures cropped up in the wake of one of Earth's biggest mass extinctions 252 million years ago. In 2014, scientists discovered a bizarre fossil--a crocodile-sized sea-dwelling reptile,
https://www.biyologlar.com/scientists-report-worlds-first-herbivorous-filter-feeding-marine-reptile -
May repairs full of mistakes develop into cancer?
These are DNA double-strand breaks, introduced by ionizing radiation or other mechanisms, are repaired rapidly and precisely in normal cells (right pathway). In contrast, compromised Tel1 activation with inefficient end...
https://www.biyologlar.com/may-repairs-full-of-mistakes-develop-into-cancer -
May repairs full of mistakes develop into cancer?
These are DNA double-strand breaks, introduced by ionizing radiation or other mechanisms, are repaired rapidly and precisely in normal cells (right pathway). In contrast, compromised Tel1 activation with inefficient end...
https://www.biyologlar.com/may-repairs-full-of-mistakes-develop-into-cancer -
Bacterial DNA may integrate into human genome more readily in tumor tissue
Bacterial DNA may integrate into the human genome more readily in tumors than in normal human tissue, scientists have found. The researchers, affiliated with the University of Maryland School of Medicine's Institute for Genome Sciences, analyzed genomic sequencing data available from the Human Genome Project, the 1,000 Genomes Project and The Cancer Genome Atlas. They considered the phenomenon of lateral gene transfer (LGT), the transmission of genetic material between organisms in a manner...
https://www.biyologlar.com/bacterial-dna-may-integrate-into-human-genome-more-readily-in-tumor-tissue -
Hydra can modify its genetic program
Champion of regeneration, the freshwater polyp Hydra is capable of reforming a complete individual from any fragment of its body. It is even able to remain alive when all its neurons have disappeared. Researcher the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, have discovered how: cells of the epithelial type modify their genetic program by overexpressing a series of genes, among which some are involved in diverse nervous functions. Studying Hydra cellular plasticity may thus influence research...
https://www.biyologlar.com/hydra-can-modify-its-genetic-program -
Hydra can modify its genetic program
Champion of regeneration, the freshwater polyp Hydra is capable of reforming a complete individual from any fragment of its body. It is even able to remain alive when all its neurons have disappeared. Researcher the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, have discovered how: cells of the epithelial type modify their genetic program by overexpressing a series of genes, among which some are involved in diverse nervous functions. Studying Hydra cellular plasticity may thus influence research...
https://www.biyologlar.com/hydra-can-modify-its-genetic-program -
Scientists find that cancer can arise from changes in the proteins that package DNA
In some cancers, including chondroblastoma and a rare form of childhood sarcoma, a mutation in histone H3 reduces global levels of methylation (dark areas) in tumor cells
https://www.biyologlar.com/scientists-find-that-cancer-can-arise-from-changes-in-the-proteins-that-package-dna -
Scientists capture the elusive structure of essential digestive enzyme
Stylized graphic of SEC-SAXS data (with cyan cross-section showing the elution profile and magenta cross-section showing scattering profile) and the structure of the activated phenylalanine hydroxylase
https://www.biyologlar.com/scientists-capture-the-elusive-structure-of-essential-digestive-enzyme -
Scientists capture the elusive structure of essential digestive enzyme
Stylized graphic of SEC-SAXS data (with cyan cross-section showing the elution profile and magenta cross-section showing scattering profile) and the structure of the activated phenylalanine hydroxylase
https://www.biyologlar.com/scientists-capture-the-elusive-structure-of-essential-digestive-enzyme -
From friend to foe: How benign bacteria evolve to virulent pathogens
Bacteria can evolve rapidly to adapt to environmental change. Bacteria can evolve rapidly to adapt to environmental change. When the "environment" is the immune response of an infected host, this evolution can turn harmless bacteria into life-threatening pathogens. A study published on December 12 in PLOS Pathogens provides insight into how this happens. Isabel Gordo and colleagues from the Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia in Oeira, Portugal, have for the first time devised an experimental...
https://www.biyologlar.com/from-friend-to-foe-how-benign-bacteria-evolve-to-virulent-pathogens -
First praying mantis survey of Rwanda uncovers rich diversity
A college student working at The Cleveland Museum of Natural History was lead author on the first formal survey of praying mantises in Rwanda, which revealed a 155 percent increase in praying mantis species diversity for the African country. Riley Tedrow, a Case Western Reserve University graduate student pursuing field research for the Museum, participated in two surveys across four locations in Rwanda, including three national parks. The survey was published Oct. 1, 2015 in the journal...
https://www.biyologlar.com/first-praying-mantis-survey-of-rwanda-uncovers-rich-diversity -
Heme, a poisonous nutrient, tracked by 'Green Lantern' sensor
Tailor-made ratiometric sensors make baker's yeast cells light up green, as Georgia Tech scientists use it to track the movements of the essential toxin heme
https://www.biyologlar.com/heme-a-poisonous-nutrient-tracked-by-green-lantern-sensor -
Heme, a poisonous nutrient, tracked by 'Green Lantern' sensor
Tailor-made ratiometric sensors make baker's yeast cells light up green, as Georgia Tech scientists use it to track the movements of the essential toxin heme
https://www.biyologlar.com/heme-a-poisonous-nutrient-tracked-by-green-lantern-sensor -
Antibiotic 'smart bomb' can target specific strains of bacteria
Researchers from North Carolina State University have developed a de facto antibiotic "smart bomb" that can identify specific strains of bacteria and sever their DNA, eliminating the infection. The technique offers a potential approach to treat infections by multi-drug resistant bacteria. "Conventional antibiotic treatments kill both 'good' and 'bad' bacteria, leading to unintended consequences, such as opportunistic infections," says Dr. Chase Beisel, an assistant professor of chemical and...
https://www.biyologlar.com/antibiotic-smart-bomb-can-target-specific-strains-of-bacteria -
Second contagious form of cancer found in Tasmanian devils
Transmissible cancers -- cancers which can spread between individuals by the transfer of living cancer cells -- are believed to arise extremely rarely in nature.
https://www.biyologlar.com/second-contagious-form-of-cancer-found-in-tasmanian-devils -
Genetic code of red blood cells discovered
Eight days. That's how long it takes for skin cells to reprogram into red blood cells. Researchers at Lund University in Sweden, together with colleagues at Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, have successfully identified the four genetic keys that unlock the genetic code of skin cells and reprogram them to start producing red blood cells instead. "We have performed this experiment on mice, and the preliminary results indicate that it is also possible to reprogram skin cells from...
https://www.biyologlar.com/genetic-code-of-red-blood-cells-discovered -
Genetic code of red blood cells discovered
Eight days. That's how long it takes for skin cells to reprogram into red blood cells. Researchers at Lund University in Sweden, together with colleagues at Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, have successfully identified the four genetic keys that unlock the genetic code of skin cells and reprogram them to start producing red blood cells instead. "We have performed this experiment on mice, and the preliminary results indicate that it is also possible to reprogram skin cells from...
https://www.biyologlar.com/genetic-code-of-red-blood-cells-discovered -
Two new weapons in the battle against bacteria
Proteins are made up of a chain of amino acids and are vital for all cell processes. Proteases are among the most important types of protein. Like "molecular scissors", they cut other proteins at given positions and thereby execute important cell functions. By cutting the amino acid chains to the right length or breaking proteins apart they, for example, activate or deactivate proteins, decompose defective ones or switch signal sequences that serve to transport proteins to their proper position...
https://www.biyologlar.com/two-new-weapons-in-the-battle-against-bacteria -
Biological 'clock' discovered in sea turtle shells
Radiocarbon dating of atomic bomb fallout found in sea turtle shells can be used to reliably estimate the ages, growth rates and reproductive maturity of sea turtle populations in the wild, a new study led by Duke University and NOAA researchers finds. The technique provides more accurate estimates than other methods scientists currently use and may help shed new light on factors influencing the decline and lack of recovery of some endangered sea turtles populations. "The most basic questions...
https://www.biyologlar.com/biological-clock-discovered-in-sea-turtle-shells -
An unexpected origin for calming immune cells in the gut
Biologically speaking, we carry the outside world within us. The food we ingest each day and the trillions of microbes that inhabit our guts pose a constant risk of infection--and all that separates us from these foreign entities is a delicate boundary made of a single layer of cells. The immune cells that swarm about this threshold must exercise a precise balancing act. They must be vigilant, yet also tolerant of harmless substances so that they don't cause harmful overreactions. New research...
https://www.biyologlar.com/an-unexpected-origin-for-calming-immune-cells-in-the-gut -
A key protein is discovered as essential for malaria parasite transmission to mosquitos
Two teams have independently discovered that a single regulatory protein acts as the master genetic switch that triggers the development of male and female sexual forms (termed gametocytes) of the malaria parasite, solving a long-standing mystery in parasite biology with important implications for human health. The protein, AP2-G, is necessary for activating a set of genes that initiate the development of gametocytes -- the only forms that are infectious to mosquitos. The research also gives...
https://www.biyologlar.com/a-key-protein-is-discovered-as-essential-for-malaria-parasite-transmission-to-mosquitos -
Sociable chimps harbor richer gut microbiomes
Spending time in close contact with others often means risking catching germs and getting sick. But being sociable may also help transmit beneficial microbes, finds a multi-institutional study of gut microbiomes in chimpanzees.
https://www.biyologlar.com/sociable-chimps-harbor-richer-gut-microbiomes -
Watching 'jumping genes' in action
"Jumping genes" are ubiquitous. Every domain of life hosts these sequences of DNA that can "jump" from one position to another along a chromosome; in fact, nearly half the human genome is made up of jumping genes.
https://www.biyologlar.com/watching-jumping-genes-in-action -
Watching 'jumping genes' in action
"Jumping genes" are ubiquitous. Every domain of life hosts these sequences of DNA that can "jump" from one position to another along a chromosome; in fact, nearly half the human genome is made up of jumping genes.
https://www.biyologlar.com/watching-jumping-genes-in-action -
Relaxation helps pack DNA into a virus
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego have found that DNA packs more easily into the tight confines of a virus when given a chance to relax, they report in a pair of papers to be published in in the early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences the week of May 26 and the May 30 issue of Physical Review Letters. DNA is a long, unwieldy molecule that tends to repel itself because it is negatively charged, yet it can spool tightly. Within the heads of...
https://www.biyologlar.com/relaxation-helps-pack-dna-into-a-virus -
Genetic 'paint box' shuffled between butterfly species to create new wing patterns
New research on butterfly genomes has revealed that the genetic components that produce different splotches of colour on wings can be mixed up between species by interbreeding to create new patterns, like a "genetic paint-box". Research on Amazonian Heliconius butterflies has shown that two of the most common colour patterns, found in combination on the wings of many Heliconius species - the dennis red patch on the base of the forewing, and the ray red streaks that fan out across the hindwing...
https://www.biyologlar.com/genetic-paint-box-shuffled-between-butterfly-species-to-create-new-wing-patterns -
X-rays reveal the photonic crystals in butterfly wings that create color
When you look very close up at a butterfly wing, you can see this patchwork map of lattices with slightly different orientations (colors added to illustrate the domains).
https://www.biyologlar.com/x-rays-reveal-the-photonic-crystals-in-butterfly-wings-that-create-color -
X-rays reveal the photonic crystals in butterfly wings that create color
When you look very close up at a butterfly wing, you can see this patchwork map of lattices with slightly different orientations (colors added to illustrate the domains).
https://www.biyologlar.com/x-rays-reveal-the-photonic-crystals-in-butterfly-wings-that-create-color -
Too much of a good thing: Extra genes make bacteria lethal
We, as most animals, host many different beneficial bacteria. Being beneficial to the host often pays off for the bacteria, as success of the host determines the survival and spread of the microbe. But if bacteria grow too much they may become deadly. In a new study published in the latest edition of the scientific journal PLOS Biology*, a research team from Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia (IGC; Portugal) found that a single genomic change can turn beneficial bacteria into pathogenic bacteria,...
https://www.biyologlar.com/too-much-of-a-good-thing-extra-genes-make-bacteria-lethal -
How mold on space station flowers is helping get us to Mars
When Scott Kelly tweeted a picture of moldy leaves on the current crop of zinnia flowers aboard the International Space Station, it could have looked like the science was doomed.
https://www.biyologlar.com/how-mold-on-space-station-flowers-is-helping-get-us-to-mars -
Scientists learn more about how star-shaped brain cells help us learn
A molecule that enables strong communication between our brain and muscles appears to also aid essential communication between our neurons, scientists report.
https://www.biyologlar.com/scientists-learn-more-about-how-star-shaped-brain-cells-help-us-learn -
Common bacteria on verge of becoming antibiotic-resistant superbugs
Antibiotic resistance is poised to spread globally among bacteria frequently implicated in respiratory and urinary infections in hospital settings, according to new research at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. The study shows that two genes that confer resistance against a particularly strong class of antibiotics can be shared easily among a family of bacteria responsible for a significant portion of hospital-associated infections. Drug-resistant germs in the same family...
https://www.biyologlar.com/common-bacteria-on-verge-of-becoming-antibiotic-resistant-superbugs -
Lizards camouflage themselves by choosing rocks that best match the color of their backs
Resting out in the open on rocks can be a risky business for Aegean wall lizards. Out in these habitats they have nowhere to hide and their backs, which show varying shades of green and brown between individuals, are dangerously exposed to birds hunting in the skies above. New research by Kate Marshall from the University of Cambridge's Department of Zoology and Dr Martin Stevens from the University of Exeter's Centre for Ecology and Conservation, published today in Scientific Reports, shows...
https://www.biyologlar.com/lizards-camouflage-themselves-by-choosing-rocks-that-best-match-the-color-of-their-backs -
5th Congress of European Microbiologists FEMS 2013
The 5th Congress of European Microbiologists (FEMS) will be held in the interesting city of Leipzig from July 21-25, 2013. FEMS brings together 46 member societies from 36 European countries, including over thirty thousand microbiologists. This important microbiology Congress will provide an interesting forum for thousands of European and other international colleagues to appreciate the current state of the art in microbiology during numerous symposia and workshops led by prominent scientists...
https://www.biyologlar.com/5th-congress-of-european-microbiologists-fems-2013 -
Fifty-four mouse testis-enriched genes are not needed for male fertility
Infertility affects about 15 percent of couples around the world. A couple's fertility depends on both the female's and male's ability to reproduce, which relies on thousands of genes working properly.
https://www.biyologlar.com/fifty-four-mouse-testis-enriched-genes-are-not-needed-for-male-fertility